東(dong)莞市銳鑫(xin)機電有限(xian)公司
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B棟401
具體參數
拖(tuo)泵制作工藝
刀(dao)具選擇
從該齒(chi)輪(lun)的結構(gou)(gou)和技術參數可知(zhi),該錐(zhui)齒(chi)輪(lun)屬(shu)于標(biao)準結構(gou)(gou),一般(ban)情況(kuang)下(xia)(xia),標(biao)準直(zhi)齒(chi)錐(zhui)齒(chi)輪(lun)成形銑(xian) 刀(dao)的齒(chi)形是按(an)大端背錐(zhui)當量(liang)漸開線齒(chi)形設(she)計(ji),而齒(chi)厚則按(an)照小端設(she)計(ji),并(bing)考慮(lv)留有(you)一定(ding)精(jing)切余量(liang)。一 般(ban)情況(kuang)下(xia)(xia)直(zhi)齒(chi)錐(zhui)齒(chi)輪(lun)成形銑(xian)刀(dao)有(you)3把、8把、15把、26把一套,刀(dao)號應按(an)照錐(zhui)齒(chi)輪(lun)當量(liang)齒(chi)數來選擇(ze)。當 量(liang)齒(chi)數Zv可按(an)照下(xia)(xia)式計(ji)算:
熱處(chu)理工藝(yi)方(fang)法及過程
如(ru)前文(wen)所述,機加工(gong)前對(dui)齒(chi)坯(pi)進行整體高溫正火處理,正火設備為(wei)RT-90-9 箱式爐(lu),具(ju)體工(gong)藝過程(cheng)是,爐(lu)溫升至(zhi)裝(zhuang)爐(lu)溫度(du)400-650℃時(shi),將齒(chi)輪放 爐(lu)中(zhong),裝(zhuang)零件(jian)時(shi)如(ru)果(guo)需(xu)要疊放,疊放高度(du)不(bu)要超過兩層(ceng),然后將零件(jian)加熱(re)至(zhi)920-940℃,使組織(zhi)完(wan)全發(fa)生相變,保溫30-50分鐘(zhong)后,空冷即可。正火工(gong)藝:
由于該齒輪(lun)精度(du)要求不是(shi)很高,為(wei)降低滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)淬(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)成本,可以(yi)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)后直接(jie)淬(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)的(de)工藝方法,具 體方法是(shi)將零(ling)(ling)件(jian)裝入滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)筐(kuang)中,不要疊加(jia)(jia),爐(lu)溫(wen)升至840℃開始(shi)滴(di)航空煤油,煤油滴(di)速為(wei)60-80d/min, 爐(lu)溫(wen)升至930℃時(shi)零(ling)(ling)件(jian)開始(shi)裝爐(lu)。排氣期(qi)結束后,放入兩只試棒(bang),其中一只試棒(bang)在擴散(san)時(shi)間為(wei)120 min時(shi)取出淬(cui)(cui)油冷(leng)卻(que)并(bing)檢驗(yan)淬(cui)(cui)硬層(ceng)深度(du),根據(ju)檢驗(yan)結果決定是(shi)否降溫(wen),若滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)層(ceng)深度(du)不足,擴散(san)期(qi)延長至 150min。滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)時(shi)可按照表(biao)1規定參數進行(xing),為(wei)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)時(shi)的(de)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)勢(shi)(shi)濃(nong)度(du),可采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)在滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)爐(lu)中加(jia)(jia)裝氧(yang)傳(chuan)感 器(qi)的(de)方法進行(xing)監測(ce)和控(kong)(kong)制(zhi),氧(yang)傳(chuan)感器(qi)通過氧(yang)化鋯(gao)探(tan)頭,將氣氛狀(zhuang)態轉化為(wei)電勢(shi)(shi)差,上述差值通過控(kong)(kong)制(zhi) 系(xi)統的(de)比(bi)較和計算,確定碳(tan)(tan)(tan)勢(shi)(shi)的(de)濃(nong)度(du)是(shi)否合適并(bing)對(dui)其進行(xing)自動(dong)優(you)化和調(diao)整,使碳(tan)(tan)(tan)勢(shi)(shi)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)精度(du)可以(yi)達到 ≤±0.05%C,可有效(xiao)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)層(ceng)深度(du)并(bing)提高滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)層(ceng)的(de)質(zhi)量,確保無塊狀(zhuang)、網狀(zhuang)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)物,滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)設備采(cai) 用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)RQ3-75-9井式滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)爐(lu)。滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)均溫(wen)期(qi)結束后,零(ling)(ling)件(jian)出爐(lu)直接(jie)淬(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)。淬(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)設備選用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)專用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)恒溫(wen)油槽(cao),淬(cui)(cui) 火(huo)(huo)介(jie)質(zhi)為(wei)專用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)等溫(wen)分級淬(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)油,介(jie)質(zhi)溫(wen)度(du)恒定在110-120℃之間,冷(leng)卻(que)30min后,出爐(lu)空冷(leng)。
為(wei)消(xiao)除淬(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)后零(ling)件(jian)的(de)殘余(yu)應力(li)并防(fang)止淬(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)裂(lie)紋(wen)的(de)產生,應盡快將(jiang)淬(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)后的(de)零(ling)件(jian)進(jin)行低(di)溫回(hui)火(huo)(huo)處理,具(ju)體(ti)工(gong)藝(yi)方(fang)法是在(zai)當爐(lu)溫升至160℃左右時(shi)零(ling) 件(jian)開始裝爐(lu),保(bao)溫120-150min后,出爐(lu)空冷,回(hui)火(huo)(huo)設備為(wei)RJJ-36-6回(hui)火(huo)(huo)爐(lu)。淬(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)及回(hui)火(huo)(huo)工(gong)藝(yi)圖(tu)見圖(tu)5:
后序處理(li)
將熱處理(li)后的(de)零件(jian)放(fang)在(zai)噴砂機的(de)轉盤上進行噴砂處理(li),選(xuan)用石英砂的(de)粒度(du)為10-20目,在(zai)噴砂過(guo) 程中要經常翻(fan)動零件(jian)使各面(mian)噴砂效果均勻。零件(jian)噴砂完后,放(fang)入防銹液中浸泡(pao)2-4min后,在(zai)空氣中干 燥。需要注意的(de)是,防銹處理(li)必須在(zai)噴砂后24小時內完成。
效果
上述方法簡單實(shi)用(yong),不需要專用(yong)裝(zhuang)備即(ji)可實(shi)現直齒錐(zhui)齒輪(lun)的(de)加工(gong),且經(jing)濟性(xing)好(hao),成本(ben)較低(di)。經(jing)對 加工(gong)后的(de)錐(zhui)齒輪(lun)進行檢(jian)測,尺寸(cun)及形(xing)位精(jing)度均符合要求(qiu),滲碳層(ceng)深度為(wei)1.1-1.3mm,齒部(bu)金相組(zu)織為(wei) 單一的(de)板條(tiao)狀回火(huo)馬氏體組(zu)織,硬(ying)度為(wei)HRC58-62。心部(bu)硬(ying)度為(wei)HRC36-40,完(wan)全(quan)可以滿足該零件的(de)質 量要求(qiu)。