具體參數

拖泵制作(zuo)工藝

刀(dao)具(ju)選擇

從該(gai)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)輪的(de)結構和技術(shu)參(can)數可(ke)知(zhi)，該(gai)錐(zhui)(zhui)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)輪屬于標(biao)(biao)準結構，一(yi)(yi)般(ban)(ban)情(qing)況下，標(biao)(biao)準直(zhi)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)錐(zhui)(zhui)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)輪成(cheng)形(xing)銑(xian) 刀(dao)(dao)的(de)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)形(xing)是按(an)(an)大端背錐(zhui)(zhui)當(dang)量漸(jian)開(kai)線齒(chi)(chi)(chi)形(xing)設計(ji)，而齒(chi)(chi)(chi)厚則按(an)(an)照小(xiao)端設計(ji)，并(bing)考慮留有(you)一(yi)(yi)定(ding)精切余量。一(yi)(yi) 般(ban)(ban)情(qing)況下直(zhi)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)錐(zhui)(zhui)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)輪成(cheng)形(xing)銑(xian)刀(dao)(dao)有(you)3把(ba)、8把(ba)、15把(ba)、26把(ba)一(yi)(yi)套，刀(dao)(dao)號應按(an)(an)照錐(zhui)(zhui)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)輪當(dang)量齒(chi)(chi)(chi)數來選擇。當(dang) 量齒(chi)(chi)(chi)數Zv可(ke)按(an)(an)照下式(shi)計(ji)算：

熱處理(li)工(gong)藝方法及過程

如前(qian)(qian)文(wen)所述(shu)，機加(jia)工(gong)(gong)前(qian)(qian)對齒(chi)坯(pi)進行整體高溫(wen)正火處理，正火設(she)備為RT-90-9 箱式爐(lu)，具體工(gong)(gong)藝過程是，爐(lu)溫(wen)升至(zhi)裝爐(lu)溫(wen)度400-650℃時，將齒(chi)輪(lun)放 爐(lu)中，裝零件時如果需(xu)要(yao)疊(die)放，疊(die)放高度不要(yao)超過兩層，然后(hou)將零件加(jia)熱至(zhi)920-940℃，使(shi)組織完全發生相(xiang)變，保(bao)溫(wen)30-50分鐘后(hou)，空冷即可(ke)。正火工(gong)(gong)藝：

由于該齒(chi)輪精(jing)度(du)要(yao)求不(bu)是(shi)很高(gao)，為降(jiang)低滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)淬(cui)火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)成本，可(ke)(ke)以采(cai)用(yong)(yong)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)后(hou)(hou)直接淬(cui)火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)的(de)工(gong)藝方法，具 體方法是(shi)將零(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)裝入滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)筐中，不(bu)要(yao)疊加(jia)，爐(lu)溫(wen)升至(zhi)840℃開始滴(di)航空煤(mei)油，煤(mei)油滴(di)速為60-80d/min， 爐(lu)溫(wen)升至(zhi)930℃時(shi)零(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)開始裝爐(lu)。排氣(qi)期(qi)結束后(hou)(hou)，放入兩只(zhi)試棒(bang)，其(qi)中一只(zhi)試棒(bang)在擴散時(shi)間(jian)為120 min時(shi)取出淬(cui)油冷(leng)卻并(bing)(bing)檢驗(yan)淬(cui)硬層深度(du)，根據檢驗(yan)結果決定(ding)是(shi)否降(jiang)溫(wen)，若(ruo)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)層深度(du)不(bu)足(zu)，擴散期(qi)延長至(zhi) 150min。滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)時(shi)可(ke)(ke)按照表1規定(ding)參(can)數(shu)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)，為控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)時(shi)的(de)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)勢(shi)濃度(du)，可(ke)(ke)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)在滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)爐(lu)中加(jia)裝氧傳感(gan) 器的(de)方法進(jin)(jin)行(xing)監測和控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)，氧傳感(gan)器通(tong)過(guo)氧化(hua)鋯探(tan)頭，將氣(qi)氛狀(zhuang)態(tai)轉(zhuan)化(hua)為電勢(shi)差，上(shang)述差值(zhi)通(tong)過(guo)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi) 系(xi)統的(de)比較和計算，確(que)定(ding)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)勢(shi)的(de)濃度(du)是(shi)否合適并(bing)(bing)對其(qi)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)自動優(you)化(hua)和調(diao)整，使碳(tan)(tan)(tan)勢(shi)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)精(jing)度(du)可(ke)(ke)以達(da)到 ≤±0.05%C，可(ke)(ke)有(you)效控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)層深度(du)并(bing)(bing)提高(gao)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)層的(de)質(zhi)量(liang)，確(que)保(bao)無塊(kuai)狀(zhuang)、網狀(zhuang)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)物(wu)，滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)設(she)(she)備(bei)采(cai) 用(yong)(yong)RQ3-75-9井式滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)爐(lu)。滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)均溫(wen)期(qi)結束后(hou)(hou)，零(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)出爐(lu)直接淬(cui)火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)。淬(cui)火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)設(she)(she)備(bei)選(xuan)用(yong)(yong)專用(yong)(yong)恒溫(wen)油槽，淬(cui) 火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)介(jie)質(zhi)為專用(yong)(yong)等溫(wen)分級(ji)淬(cui)火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)油，介(jie)質(zhi)溫(wen)度(du)恒定(ding)在110-120℃之間(jian)，冷(leng)卻30min后(hou)(hou)，出爐(lu)空冷(leng)。

為消除(chu)淬火(huo)后(hou)零(ling)(ling)件的殘余應(ying)力并防止(zhi)淬火(huo)裂紋的產生，應(ying)盡快(kuai)將淬火(huo)后(hou)的零(ling)(ling)件進行低(di)溫(wen)(wen)回(hui)火(huo)處理，具體(ti)工藝(yi)方(fang)法是在當爐溫(wen)(wen)升至160℃左右時零(ling)(ling) 件開(kai)始裝爐，保溫(wen)(wen)120-150min后(hou)，出(chu)爐空冷，回(hui)火(huo)設備(bei)為RJJ-36-6回(hui)火(huo)爐。淬火(huo)及回(hui)火(huo)工藝(yi)圖(tu)見圖(tu)5：

后序處理

將(jiang)熱(re)處理后的零(ling)件放在噴(pen)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)機的轉盤上進行噴(pen)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)處理，選用石英(ying)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)的粒度為10-20目，在噴(pen)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)過 程中(zhong)要經常翻動零(ling)件使各面(mian)噴(pen)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)效(xiao)果均勻。零(ling)件噴(pen)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)完(wan)后，放入防(fang)銹液中(zhong)浸(jin)泡2-4min后，在空氣中(zhong)干(gan) 燥。需要注意的是，防(fang)銹處理必須(xu)在噴(pen)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)后24小(xiao)時內完(wan)成。

效果

上(shang)述方法(fa)簡單實(shi)(shi)用，不(bu)需要(yao)(yao)專用裝備(bei)即可實(shi)(shi)現直齒錐(zhui)(zhui)齒輪的加工(gong)，且經濟性好(hao)，成本較低(di)。經對 加工(gong)后(hou)的錐(zhui)(zhui)齒輪進行檢測，尺寸及形位(wei)精度(du)(du)均(jun)符合要(yao)(yao)求，滲碳層深度(du)(du)為1.1-1.3mm，齒部(bu)(bu)金相組織(zhi)為 單一的板條(tiao)狀回火馬(ma)氏體(ti)組織(zhi)，硬度(du)(du)為HRC58-62。心(xin)部(bu)(bu)硬度(du)(du)為HRC36-40，完(wan)全可以滿(man)足該(gai)零件(jian)的質(zhi) 量(liang)要(yao)(yao)求。