隨(sui)著現代(dai)工(gong)業(ye)的(de)興起，以混(hun)凝土(tu)(tu)(tu)為主材料的(de)建(jian)設(she)(she)方(fang)式(shi)已經(jing)成(cheng)為了建(jian)筑業(ye)施(shi)工(gong)的(de)主要構造之(zhi)一，在各(ge)種(zhong)(zhong)工(gong)程施(shi)工(gong)建(jian)設(she)(she)中(zhong)占據了很大的(de)比(bi)例(li)，使得混(hun)凝土(tu)(tu)(tu)機械的(de)發展經(jing)久不(bu)衰，且有越演(yan)越烈的(de)形勢。拖式(shi)混(hun)凝土(tu)(tu)(tu)泵，簡稱(cheng)拖泵，是各(ge)種(zhong)(zhong)混(hun)凝土(tu)(tu)(tu)機械中(zhong)的(de)一種(zhong)(zhong)，用于混(hun)凝土(tu)(tu)(tu)施(shi)工(gong)中(zhong)的(de)輸(shu)送(song)和(he)澆注工(gong)作。

拖泵分類選型

37千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)（目(mu)前國內標準混凝土泵，37千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)以下為(wei)細(xi)石砂(sha)漿泵）、45千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)、55千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)、75千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)、90千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)、110千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)、130千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)（柴(chai)油）、132千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)、162千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)（柴(chai)油）、174千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)（柴(chai)油）等。

選擇多大(da)電機混(hun)凝土泵，首(shou)先要考(kao)慮變壓器容量，其次考(kao)慮距(ju)離(li)混(hun)凝土泵的遠近和線徑大(da)小(xiao)，以免壓降過大(da)造(zao)成(cheng)電流增高或跳閘停機，過大(da)功率(lv)造(zao)成(cheng)成(cheng)本增加和使用不(bu)便。電機過小(xiao)，同時也滿足不(bu)了工程需要。

混凝(ning)(ning)土(tu)輸送(song)泵(beng)(beng)功率、混凝(ning)(ning)土(tu)輸送(song)泵(beng)(beng)出口壓(ya)力(li)、混凝(ning)(ning)土(tu)輸送(song)泵(beng)(beng)輸送(song)量(liang)之(zhi)間的(de)關(guan)系

一臺混凝土輸(shu)送(song)泵(beng)的電(dian)機(ji)功率(lv)是決定出(chu)口壓力和輸(shu)送(song)方量(liang)(liang)的前提條件，在電(dian)機(ji)功率(lv)一定的情況下，壓力的升高必將(jiang)使輸(shu)送(song)量(liang)(liang)降(jiang)低；相(xiang)反，降(jiang)低出(chu)口壓力，將(jiang)會使輸(shu)送(song)量(liang)(liang)增加。

為了(le)保證混(hun)凝土(tu)輸送泵既(ji)要(yao)有(you)較大(da)輸送量，又能(neng)有(you)一(yi)定的出(chu)口(kou)壓(ya)(ya)力和與(yu)之相(xiang)匹配的經濟功(gong)(gong)率(lv)，在混(hun)凝土(tu)輸送泵的設(she)計(ji)中，大(da)都采(cai)用了(le)恒功(gong)(gong)率(lv)柱(zhu)塞泵；即恒功(gong)(gong)率(lv)值(zhi)選定后，當出(chu)口(kou)壓(ya)(ya)力升高時，油泵輸出(chu)排量會自動降低，達(da)到(dao)與(yu)功(gong)(gong)率(lv)設(she)計(ji)相(xiang)對(dui)應的值(zhi)；如(ru)果既(ji)要(yao)達(da)到(dao)出(chu)口(kou)壓(ya)(ya)力高，又想得到(dao)輸送量大(da)的目的。惟一(yi)的途(tu)徑就(jiu)是增加(jia)電機功(gong)(gong)率(lv)。

因此，在國家(jia)新標準(zhun)中(zhong)，引用(yong)了(le)混凝土(tu)輸送(song)泵的(de)(de)(de)能(neng)力指數(shu)概念(nian)（以MPa·m3/h為度量單(dan)位）；即混凝土(tu)輸送(song)泵的(de)(de)(de)實(shi)際出口壓力與每小時實(shi)際輸送(song)量之乘積(ji)，該(gai)值越(yue)(yue)大，其能(neng)力指數(shu)也(ye)(ye)越(yue)(yue)大，電機的(de)(de)(de)功(gong)率也(ye)(ye)將越(yue)(yue)大，由此實(shi)現大排量、高揚程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)。科(ke)尼樂公司在設計時，還采用(yong)了(le)高低壓切換(huan)的(de)(de)(de)功(gong)能(neng)設計，以滿足不同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)施工要求，在經濟狀(zhuang)態下，又(you)能(neng)產生(sheng)較(jiao)大的(de)(de)(de)輸送(song)量，或者以相同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)電機功(gong)率，產生(sheng)較(jiao)高的(de)(de)(de)出口壓力。