東莞市銳鑫機電有限公(gong)司
聯系人:劉君燕/13539086677
24小(xiao)時服務熱線(xian):13763247345
座機:400-1501660
網址(zhi):21yantai.cn
地(di)址:東(dong)莞(guan)市虎門鎮捷東(dong)南路9號(hao)
B棟401
具體參數
拖泵制(zhi)作(zuo)工藝
刀具(ju)選擇
從該(gai)齒(chi)輪的(de)結(jie)構(gou)和技術參數可知(zhi),該(gai)錐(zhui)齒(chi)輪屬于(yu)標(biao)準結(jie)構(gou),一(yi)(yi)般情況(kuang)下(xia)(xia)(xia),標(biao)準直齒(chi)錐(zhui)齒(chi)輪成(cheng)形銑(xian) 刀的(de)齒(chi)形是按(an)大端(duan)背錐(zhui)當(dang)(dang)量漸開線(xian)齒(chi)形設(she)計,而齒(chi)厚則按(an)照(zhao)小端(duan)設(she)計,并考慮留有一(yi)(yi)定精切余量。一(yi)(yi) 般情況(kuang)下(xia)(xia)(xia)直齒(chi)錐(zhui)齒(chi)輪成(cheng)形銑(xian)刀有3把、8把、15把、26把一(yi)(yi)套,刀號(hao)應(ying)按(an)照(zhao)錐(zhui)齒(chi)輪當(dang)(dang)量齒(chi)數來選擇。當(dang)(dang) 量齒(chi)數Zv可按(an)照(zhao)下(xia)(xia)(xia)式計算:
熱處理工藝方法及過程
如前(qian)文(wen)所(suo)述(shu),機加工(gong)前(qian)對(dui)齒坯進(jin)行整體(ti)高溫(wen)正火(huo)處理(li),正火(huo)設(she)備為RT-90-9 箱式爐(lu),具體(ti)工(gong)藝過(guo)程(cheng)是,爐(lu)溫(wen)升至裝(zhuang)爐(lu)溫(wen)度400-650℃時,將(jiang)齒輪放(fang) 爐(lu)中,裝(zhuang)零件時如果(guo)需(xu)要(yao)疊放(fang),疊放(fang)高度不(bu)要(yao)超(chao)過(guo)兩層(ceng),然后(hou)將(jiang)零件加熱(re)至920-940℃,使組織(zhi)完全發生相變,保溫(wen)30-50分鐘后(hou),空冷即(ji)可。正火(huo)工(gong)藝:
由于該齒輪精度(du)(du)要求不是很高,為(wei)降(jiang)低滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)淬(cui)火(huo)成本,可以采用(yong)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)后(hou)直接淬(cui)火(huo)的(de)(de)(de)工藝方(fang)法(fa),具(ju) 體方(fang)法(fa)是將(jiang)零件裝入滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)筐中,不要疊(die)加,爐(lu)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)升至(zhi)840℃開始滴航空煤油(you)(you),煤油(you)(you)滴速為(wei)60-80d/min, 爐(lu)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)升至(zhi)930℃時(shi)(shi)(shi)零件開始裝爐(lu)。排(pai)氣(qi)期(qi)結(jie)(jie)束(shu)后(hou),放入兩只(zhi)(zhi)試棒(bang),其(qi)中一只(zhi)(zhi)試棒(bang)在(zai)(zai)擴散時(shi)(shi)(shi)間為(wei)120 min時(shi)(shi)(shi)取出(chu)淬(cui)油(you)(you)冷(leng)卻并(bing)檢(jian)驗淬(cui)硬層(ceng)深(shen)(shen)度(du)(du),根據檢(jian)驗結(jie)(jie)果決定(ding)(ding)是否(fou)降(jiang)溫(wen)(wen)(wen),若滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)層(ceng)深(shen)(shen)度(du)(du)不足,擴散期(qi)延長至(zhi) 150min。滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)時(shi)(shi)(shi)可按照表1規定(ding)(ding)參(can)數進(jin)行(xing),為(wei)控(kong)制(zhi)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)時(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)勢濃(nong)度(du)(du),可采用(yong)在(zai)(zai)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)爐(lu)中加裝氧傳感 器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)方(fang)法(fa)進(jin)行(xing)監測和控(kong)制(zhi),氧傳感器(qi)通過(guo)氧化鋯(gao)探頭,將(jiang)氣(qi)氛狀(zhuang)態轉(zhuan)化為(wei)電勢差,上述差值通過(guo)控(kong)制(zhi) 系統的(de)(de)(de)比較(jiao)和計(ji)算,確定(ding)(ding)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)勢的(de)(de)(de)濃(nong)度(du)(du)是否(fou)合適(shi)并(bing)對其(qi)進(jin)行(xing)自(zi)動優化和調整(zheng),使(shi)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)勢控(kong)制(zhi)精度(du)(du)可以達(da)到 ≤±0.05%C,可有(you)效控(kong)制(zhi)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)層(ceng)深(shen)(shen)度(du)(du)并(bing)提高滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)層(ceng)的(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)量(liang),確保無塊狀(zhuang)、網狀(zhuang)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)物,滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)設備(bei)采 用(yong)RQ3-75-9井式滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)爐(lu)。滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)均溫(wen)(wen)(wen)期(qi)結(jie)(jie)束(shu)后(hou),零件出(chu)爐(lu)直接淬(cui)火(huo)。淬(cui)火(huo)設備(bei)選用(yong)專用(yong)恒(heng)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)油(you)(you)槽,淬(cui) 火(huo)介質(zhi)為(wei)專用(yong)等溫(wen)(wen)(wen)分級淬(cui)火(huo)油(you)(you),介質(zhi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)恒(heng)定(ding)(ding)在(zai)(zai)110-120℃之間,冷(leng)卻30min后(hou),出(chu)爐(lu)空冷(leng)。
為消除淬火后零(ling)(ling)件的(de)殘余應力(li)并防止淬火裂紋的(de)產生,應盡快(kuai)將(jiang)淬火后的(de)零(ling)(ling)件進(jin)行低溫回火處理(li),具體工(gong)(gong)藝方(fang)法是在當爐(lu)(lu)溫升(sheng)至160℃左(zuo)右時零(ling)(ling) 件開始裝爐(lu)(lu),保溫120-150min后,出爐(lu)(lu)空(kong)冷,回火設(she)備(bei)為RJJ-36-6回火爐(lu)(lu)。淬火及回火工(gong)(gong)藝圖(tu)見圖(tu)5:
后(hou)序處(chu)理
將熱處理(li)(li)后(hou)的(de)(de)零(ling)(ling)件(jian)放在噴(pen)(pen)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)機(ji)的(de)(de)轉盤(pan)上進(jin)行噴(pen)(pen)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)處理(li)(li),選(xuan)用石英砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)的(de)(de)粒度(du)為10-20目,在噴(pen)(pen)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)過 程中(zhong)要經常翻動零(ling)(ling)件(jian)使各面噴(pen)(pen)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)效果(guo)均勻。零(ling)(ling)件(jian)噴(pen)(pen)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)完(wan)后(hou),放入(ru)防(fang)銹(xiu)液中(zhong)浸泡(pao)2-4min后(hou),在空氣中(zhong)干 燥。需要注意的(de)(de)是,防(fang)銹(xiu)處理(li)(li)必須(xu)在噴(pen)(pen)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)后(hou)24小時內完(wan)成。
效(xiao)果
上述方法簡單實(shi)用(yong),不需要(yao)專用(yong)裝備即可實(shi)現直齒錐齒輪的加工(gong),且經濟性好(hao),成本較低。經對 加工(gong)后(hou)的錐齒輪進行(xing)檢測,尺(chi)寸及(ji)形位精度(du)均(jun)符合要(yao)求,滲(shen)碳層深度(du)為1.1-1.3mm,齒部(bu)金相(xiang)組織為 單一的板(ban)條狀(zhuang)回火(huo)馬氏(shi)體組織,硬(ying)度(du)為HRC58-62。心部(bu)硬(ying)度(du)為HRC36-40,完全(quan)可以滿(man)足該零件的質 量要(yao)求。