東莞市(shi)銳(rui)鑫機電有限(xian)公(gong)司(si)
聯系人(ren):劉君(jun)燕(yan)/13539086677
24小時(shi)服務熱線:13763247345
座機:400-1501660
網址:21yantai.cn
地址:東(dong)莞(guan)市虎門鎮捷東(dong)南路9號
B棟401
具體參數
拖(tuo)泵制作工(gong)藝
刀具選擇(ze)
從該齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)輪的(de)結構(gou)和技術參數(shu)(shu)(shu)可(ke)知(zhi),該錐齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)輪屬于標準(zhun)結構(gou),一(yi)般情況下(xia),標準(zhun)直(zhi)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)錐齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)輪成形(xing)(xing)(xing)銑 刀(dao)的(de)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)形(xing)(xing)(xing)是按(an)大(da)端背錐當(dang)量(liang)漸開線齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)形(xing)(xing)(xing)設計,而齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)厚則按(an)照小端設計,并(bing)考慮留有一(yi)定精切(qie)余(yu)量(liang)。一(yi) 般情況下(xia)直(zhi)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)錐齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)輪成形(xing)(xing)(xing)銑刀(dao)有3把、8把、15把、26把一(yi)套,刀(dao)號(hao)應按(an)照錐齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)輪當(dang)量(liang)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)數(shu)(shu)(shu)來選(xuan)擇。當(dang) 量(liang)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)數(shu)(shu)(shu)Zv可(ke)按(an)照下(xia)式計算(suan):
熱處理工藝方(fang)法及過程
如前文所述,機加工前對齒坯進(jin)行整體(ti)高溫正(zheng)火處理,正(zheng)火設備為RT-90-9 箱式爐(lu),具(ju)體(ti)工藝過程(cheng)是,爐(lu)溫升至(zhi)裝爐(lu)溫度400-650℃時,將(jiang)齒輪放(fang) 爐(lu)中,裝零件時如果需要疊放(fang),疊放(fang)高度不要超過兩層,然后(hou)(hou)將(jiang)零件加熱至(zhi)920-940℃,使(shi)組織完全發(fa)生相變,保溫30-50分鐘后(hou)(hou),空冷即(ji)可。正(zheng)火工藝:
由于該齒輪精度要求不(bu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)很高(gao),為(wei)(wei)降低滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)淬(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)成本,可(ke)(ke)以(yi)采用(yong)(yong)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)后直接(jie)淬(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)的(de)(de)工(gong)藝方法,具 體方法是(shi)(shi)(shi)將零(ling)件裝(zhuang)入(ru)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)筐中(zhong)(zhong),不(bu)要疊(die)加(jia),爐(lu)溫(wen)升至840℃開始(shi)滴航空煤油(you),煤油(you)滴速(su)為(wei)(wei)60-80d/min, 爐(lu)溫(wen)升至930℃時(shi)零(ling)件開始(shi)裝(zhuang)爐(lu)。排氣(qi)期結束后,放入(ru)兩只試棒,其中(zhong)(zhong)一只試棒在擴散時(shi)間(jian)為(wei)(wei)120 min時(shi)取出(chu)淬(cui)(cui)油(you)冷卻(que)并(bing)檢驗淬(cui)(cui)硬(ying)層深度,根據檢驗結果決定是(shi)(shi)(shi)否降溫(wen),若滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)層深度不(bu)足,擴散期延長至 150min。滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)時(shi)可(ke)(ke)按照表1規定參(can)數進(jin)行(xing),為(wei)(wei)控制滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)時(shi)的(de)(de)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)勢濃度,可(ke)(ke)采用(yong)(yong)在滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)爐(lu)中(zhong)(zhong)加(jia)裝(zhuang)氧(yang)傳感(gan) 器的(de)(de)方法進(jin)行(xing)監(jian)測和控制,氧(yang)傳感(gan)器通過氧(yang)化鋯探頭,將氣(qi)氛狀態轉化為(wei)(wei)電勢差,上述差值通過控制 系統的(de)(de)比較和計(ji)算,確定碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)勢的(de)(de)濃度是(shi)(shi)(shi)否合適并(bing)對其進(jin)行(xing)自動(dong)優(you)化和調整,使碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)勢控制精度可(ke)(ke)以(yi)達到(dao) ≤±0.05%C,可(ke)(ke)有效控制滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)層深度并(bing)提高(gao)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)層的(de)(de)質(zhi)量,確保無塊狀、網(wang)狀滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)物,滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)設備采 用(yong)(yong)RQ3-75-9井式滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)爐(lu)。滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)均溫(wen)期結束后,零(ling)件出(chu)爐(lu)直接(jie)淬(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)。淬(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)設備選用(yong)(yong)專用(yong)(yong)恒(heng)溫(wen)油(you)槽,淬(cui)(cui) 火(huo)(huo)介質(zhi)為(wei)(wei)專用(yong)(yong)等溫(wen)分(fen)級淬(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)油(you),介質(zhi)溫(wen)度恒(heng)定在110-120℃之間(jian),冷卻(que)30min后,出(chu)爐(lu)空冷。
為消除(chu)淬火(huo)(huo)后(hou)零(ling)(ling)件的(de)殘余應力并(bing)防止淬火(huo)(huo)裂紋的(de)產生,應盡快將淬火(huo)(huo)后(hou)的(de)零(ling)(ling)件進行低溫回火(huo)(huo)處理,具體工藝方(fang)法是在當爐(lu)溫升至160℃左右時零(ling)(ling) 件開始裝爐(lu),保溫120-150min后(hou),出爐(lu)空冷(leng),回火(huo)(huo)設備(bei)為RJJ-36-6回火(huo)(huo)爐(lu)。淬火(huo)(huo)及回火(huo)(huo)工藝圖見圖5:
后(hou)序處理
將(jiang)熱(re)處理后的(de)零件(jian)放在噴(pen)砂(sha)(sha)機的(de)轉盤上(shang)進行噴(pen)砂(sha)(sha)處理,選(xuan)用石英砂(sha)(sha)的(de)粒度為(wei)10-20目,在噴(pen)砂(sha)(sha)過 程中要經常翻動零件(jian)使各面噴(pen)砂(sha)(sha)效(xiao)果(guo)均勻。零件(jian)噴(pen)砂(sha)(sha)完(wan)后,放入防(fang)銹液中浸泡(pao)2-4min后,在空(kong)氣中干 燥。需要注(zhu)意的(de)是(shi),防(fang)銹處理必須在噴(pen)砂(sha)(sha)后24小時內完(wan)成。
效果
上(shang)述方(fang)法(fa)簡單實(shi)用,不需(xu)要專(zhuan)用裝備即(ji)可實(shi)現直齒(chi)錐齒(chi)輪(lun)(lun)的加(jia)工(gong),且經濟(ji)性好,成本較低(di)。經對(dui) 加(jia)工(gong)后的錐齒(chi)輪(lun)(lun)進行檢測,尺寸及形位(wei)精度(du)均符合要求(qiu),滲碳(tan)層深度(du)為(wei)1.1-1.3mm,齒(chi)部(bu)金相(xiang)組織為(wei) 單一(yi)的板(ban)條狀回火(huo)馬氏(shi)體組織,硬(ying)度(du)為(wei)HRC58-62。心(xin)部(bu)硬(ying)度(du)為(wei)HRC36-40,完全可以滿足該零件的質 量要求(qiu)。