東(dong)莞(guan)市銳鑫機電有限(xian)公司
聯(lian)系人:劉君(jun)燕/13539086677
24小時服務熱線:13763247345
座機:400-1501660
網址:21yantai.cn
地址:東莞市(shi)虎門鎮捷東南路9號(hao)
B棟(dong)401
具體參數
拖(tuo)泵(beng)制(zhi)作工藝
刀具選擇
從該(gai)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)的(de)結構(gou)(gou)和(he)技術(shu)參數可知,該(gai)錐齒(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)屬于標(biao)準結構(gou)(gou),一(yi)般情況下(xia),標(biao)準直齒(chi)(chi)(chi)錐齒(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)成形(xing)(xing)(xing)銑 刀(dao)(dao)的(de)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)形(xing)(xing)(xing)是按(an)(an)大端(duan)背錐當量(liang)漸開線齒(chi)(chi)(chi)形(xing)(xing)(xing)設(she)計,而(er)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)厚(hou)則按(an)(an)照(zhao)小端(duan)設(she)計,并考慮留有一(yi)定精切余(yu)量(liang)。一(yi) 般情況下(xia)直齒(chi)(chi)(chi)錐齒(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)成形(xing)(xing)(xing)銑刀(dao)(dao)有3把(ba)、8把(ba)、15把(ba)、26把(ba)一(yi)套,刀(dao)(dao)號(hao)應按(an)(an)照(zhao)錐齒(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)當量(liang)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)數來選擇。當 量(liang)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)數Zv可按(an)(an)照(zhao)下(xia)式計算:
熱處理(li)工藝方法及過程
如前(qian)文(wen)所述,機(ji)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)前(qian)對齒(chi)坯進行整體高溫(wen)正(zheng)(zheng)火處理,正(zheng)(zheng)火設備為(wei)RT-90-9 箱式爐(lu)(lu),具體工(gong)(gong)藝過(guo)程是,爐(lu)(lu)溫(wen)升至(zhi)裝爐(lu)(lu)溫(wen)度(du)400-650℃時,將(jiang)(jiang)齒(chi)輪(lun)放(fang) 爐(lu)(lu)中,裝零件時如果需要(yao)疊(die)放(fang),疊(die)放(fang)高度(du)不要(yao)超過(guo)兩層,然后將(jiang)(jiang)零件加(jia)熱至(zhi)920-940℃,使組(zu)織完(wan)全(quan)發生(sheng)相變,保溫(wen)30-50分鐘(zhong)后,空冷(leng)即可(ke)。正(zheng)(zheng)火工(gong)(gong)藝:
由(you)于(yu)該齒輪精(jing)度(du)(du)要求不是(shi)很高,為(wei)降低(di)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)淬(cui)火成本,可(ke)(ke)以采(cai)用(yong)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)后(hou)(hou)直(zhi)接淬(cui)火的(de)工藝方法(fa),具 體方法(fa)是(shi)將零(ling)(ling)件裝(zhuang)入滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)筐中(zhong)(zhong),不要疊加,爐(lu)(lu)溫(wen)(wen)升至(zhi)(zhi)840℃開始(shi)滴(di)航空(kong)煤油(you),煤油(you)滴(di)速(su)為(wei)60-80d/min, 爐(lu)(lu)溫(wen)(wen)升至(zhi)(zhi)930℃時(shi)零(ling)(ling)件開始(shi)裝(zhuang)爐(lu)(lu)。排氣期(qi)結束后(hou)(hou),放入兩只試(shi)棒,其中(zhong)(zhong)一只試(shi)棒在(zai)(zai)(zai)擴散(san)時(shi)間(jian)(jian)為(wei)120 min時(shi)取出(chu)(chu)淬(cui)油(you)冷卻并檢(jian)驗(yan)淬(cui)硬層深度(du)(du),根(gen)據檢(jian)驗(yan)結果決定(ding)是(shi)否降溫(wen)(wen),若滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)層深度(du)(du)不足(zu),擴散(san)期(qi)延長(chang)至(zhi)(zhi) 150min。滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)時(shi)可(ke)(ke)按照表1規定(ding)參數(shu)進行,為(wei)控制滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)時(shi)的(de)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)勢(shi)濃(nong)度(du)(du),可(ke)(ke)采(cai)用(yong)在(zai)(zai)(zai)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)爐(lu)(lu)中(zhong)(zhong)加裝(zhuang)氧傳(chuan)感 器(qi)的(de)方法(fa)進行監測和控制,氧傳(chuan)感器(qi)通過(guo)氧化鋯探頭,將氣氛狀(zhuang)態轉化為(wei)電勢(shi)差,上述(shu)差值通過(guo)控制 系統的(de)比較和計算,確(que)定(ding)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)勢(shi)的(de)濃(nong)度(du)(du)是(shi)否合(he)適(shi)并對其進行自動優化和調整,使碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)勢(shi)控制精(jing)度(du)(du)可(ke)(ke)以達到 ≤±0.05%C,可(ke)(ke)有效控制滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)層深度(du)(du)并提高滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)層的(de)質量,確(que)保無(wu)塊狀(zhuang)、網狀(zhuang)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)物,滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)設(she)備采(cai) 用(yong)RQ3-75-9井(jing)式(shi)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)爐(lu)(lu)。滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)均(jun)溫(wen)(wen)期(qi)結束后(hou)(hou),零(ling)(ling)件出(chu)(chu)爐(lu)(lu)直(zhi)接淬(cui)火。淬(cui)火設(she)備選用(yong)專用(yong)恒溫(wen)(wen)油(you)槽,淬(cui) 火介(jie)質為(wei)專用(yong)等溫(wen)(wen)分級淬(cui)火油(you),介(jie)質溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)恒定(ding)在(zai)(zai)(zai)110-120℃之(zhi)間(jian)(jian),冷卻30min后(hou)(hou),出(chu)(chu)爐(lu)(lu)空(kong)冷。
為消除淬火后零件的殘余應(ying)力并防止淬火裂(lie)紋的產生,應(ying)盡快將(jiang)淬火后的零件進行(xing)低溫(wen)回火處(chu)理,具體工藝(yi)方(fang)法是在當爐溫(wen)升至160℃左右時零 件開(kai)始裝(zhuang)爐,保(bao)溫(wen)120-150min后,出爐空冷(leng),回火設備為RJJ-36-6回火爐。淬火及回火工藝(yi)圖見(jian)圖5:
后序處理
將熱處理后的(de)零件放(fang)在噴(pen)砂(sha)(sha)機的(de)轉盤(pan)上進行噴(pen)砂(sha)(sha)處理,選用石英(ying)砂(sha)(sha)的(de)粒度為(wei)10-20目,在噴(pen)砂(sha)(sha)過 程(cheng)中(zhong)要經常翻動零件使各面噴(pen)砂(sha)(sha)效果均勻。零件噴(pen)砂(sha)(sha)完(wan)后,放(fang)入(ru)防銹(xiu)液中(zhong)浸泡(pao)2-4min后,在空氣中(zhong)干 燥。需(xu)要注(zhu)意的(de)是(shi),防銹(xiu)處理必須在噴(pen)砂(sha)(sha)后24小(xiao)時(shi)內(nei)完(wan)成。
效果
上述方(fang)法簡單(dan)實(shi)用,不需要(yao)專(zhuan)用裝(zhuang)備即可實(shi)現直齒錐齒輪(lun)的加工,且經(jing)濟性好,成本(ben)較(jiao)低(di)。經(jing)對 加工后的錐齒輪(lun)進行檢測(ce),尺寸及形位精度(du)均符合要(yao)求,滲碳層(ceng)深度(du)為1.1-1.3mm,齒部(bu)金相組(zu)織為 單(dan)一的板條狀回火馬氏體組(zu)織,硬(ying)度(du)為HRC58-62。心部(bu)硬(ying)度(du)為HRC36-40,完全可以滿足該(gai)零件的質 量要(yao)求。