東莞市銳(rui)鑫(xin)機電有限公司
聯系人:劉君燕/13539086677
24小時服務熱(re)線:13763247345
座機:400-1501660
網址(zhi):21yantai.cn
地址(zhi):東莞市(shi)虎門鎮捷東南路(lu)9號
B棟401
具體參數
拖泵制作工藝
刀(dao)具選擇
從該齒輪的結構和技術參數(shu)可知,該錐(zhui)齒輪屬于標準(zhun)結構,一(yi)般(ban)情況下(xia),標準(zhun)直齒錐(zhui)齒輪成(cheng)形銑 刀(dao)的齒形是按大(da)端(duan)背錐(zhui)當(dang)量(liang)漸開(kai)線齒形設計,而齒厚則按照小端(duan)設計,并考(kao)慮留有一(yi)定精切余量(liang)。一(yi) 般(ban)情況下(xia)直齒錐(zhui)齒輪成(cheng)形銑刀(dao)有3把、8把、15把、26把一(yi)套(tao),刀(dao)號應(ying)按照錐(zhui)齒輪當(dang)量(liang)齒數(shu)來(lai)選擇。當(dang) 量(liang)齒數(shu)Zv可按照下(xia)式計算:
熱(re)處理工(gong)藝方(fang)法及過程
如(ru)前(qian)文所述,機(ji)加工(gong)前(qian)對齒坯(pi)進行整體(ti)高溫(wen)正(zheng)(zheng)火(huo)處(chu)理,正(zheng)(zheng)火(huo)設備為RT-90-9 箱式爐(lu),具(ju)體(ti)工(gong)藝(yi)過程是,爐(lu)溫(wen)升至裝爐(lu)溫(wen)度400-650℃時(shi),將齒輪放 爐(lu)中,裝零件時(shi)如(ru)果需要(yao)疊(die)放,疊(die)放高度不要(yao)超過兩層,然后(hou)將零件加熱至920-940℃,使組織完全發生(sheng)相變,保(bao)溫(wen)30-50分鐘后(hou),空冷即可。正(zheng)(zheng)火(huo)工(gong)藝(yi):
由于(yu)該齒(chi)輪精(jing)度(du)要求(qiu)不是(shi)很高(gao),為(wei)(wei)(wei)降(jiang)低(di)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)淬(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)(huo)成本,可(ke)以采用(yong)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)后直(zhi)接淬(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)(huo)的工(gong)藝(yi)方(fang)法,具(ju) 體(ti)方(fang)法是(shi)將(jiang)零件裝(zhuang)入(ru)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)筐(kuang)中(zhong)(zhong),不要疊(die)加(jia),爐溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)升(sheng)至840℃開始(shi)滴航空煤油,煤油滴速為(wei)(wei)(wei)60-80d/min, 爐溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)升(sheng)至930℃時(shi)(shi)零件開始(shi)裝(zhuang)爐。排氣期(qi)結束(shu)后,放入(ru)兩只試(shi)棒,其中(zhong)(zhong)一(yi)只試(shi)棒在(zai)(zai)擴散(san)時(shi)(shi)間為(wei)(wei)(wei)120 min時(shi)(shi)取(qu)出淬(cui)(cui)油冷(leng)(leng)卻(que)并(bing)檢驗淬(cui)(cui)硬(ying)層(ceng)(ceng)深度(du),根(gen)據檢驗結果決定(ding)是(shi)否降(jiang)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen),若滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)層(ceng)(ceng)深度(du)不足,擴散(san)期(qi)延長(chang)至 150min。滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)時(shi)(shi)可(ke)按(an)照(zhao)表1規定(ding)參數進行(xing)(xing),為(wei)(wei)(wei)控制滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)時(shi)(shi)的碳(tan)(tan)(tan)勢濃(nong)(nong)度(du),可(ke)采用(yong)在(zai)(zai)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)爐中(zhong)(zhong)加(jia)裝(zhuang)氧(yang)傳感 器(qi)的方(fang)法進行(xing)(xing)監測(ce)和控制,氧(yang)傳感器(qi)通(tong)過氧(yang)化鋯探頭,將(jiang)氣氛狀態(tai)轉(zhuan)化為(wei)(wei)(wei)電(dian)勢差,上述差值通(tong)過控制 系統(tong)的比較和計(ji)算,確定(ding)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)勢的濃(nong)(nong)度(du)是(shi)否合適并(bing)對(dui)其進行(xing)(xing)自(zi)動優化和調整(zheng),使碳(tan)(tan)(tan)勢控制精(jing)度(du)可(ke)以達到 ≤±0.05%C,可(ke)有效控制滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)層(ceng)(ceng)深度(du)并(bing)提高(gao)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)層(ceng)(ceng)的質(zhi)量,確保無塊(kuai)狀、網狀滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)物,滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)設備采 用(yong)RQ3-75-9井(jing)式滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)爐。滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)均溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)期(qi)結束(shu)后,零件出爐直(zhi)接淬(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)(huo)。淬(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)(huo)設備選(xuan)用(yong)專(zhuan)用(yong)恒溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)油槽,淬(cui)(cui) 火(huo)(huo)(huo)介質(zhi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)專(zhuan)用(yong)等溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)分級淬(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)(huo)油,介質(zhi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)恒定(ding)在(zai)(zai)110-120℃之(zhi)間,冷(leng)(leng)卻(que)30min后,出爐空冷(leng)(leng)。
為消(xiao)除淬(cui)火(huo)后(hou)零件的(de)(de)殘余應(ying)(ying)力并防止淬(cui)火(huo)裂(lie)紋(wen)的(de)(de)產生,應(ying)(ying)盡快(kuai)將(jiang)淬(cui)火(huo)后(hou)的(de)(de)零件進行低溫回火(huo)處理(li),具(ju)體工藝方法(fa)是在當爐溫升至160℃左(zuo)右時零 件開(kai)始(shi)裝爐,保溫120-150min后(hou),出爐空冷,回火(huo)設備為RJJ-36-6回火(huo)爐。淬(cui)火(huo)及回火(huo)工藝圖(tu)見圖(tu)5:
后序處理
將熱處(chu)理后的零(ling)(ling)件放(fang)在(zai)噴(pen)(pen)砂(sha)機(ji)的轉盤(pan)上進行噴(pen)(pen)砂(sha)處(chu)理,選用(yong)石英砂(sha)的粒度(du)為10-20目,在(zai)噴(pen)(pen)砂(sha)過 程中(zhong)要(yao)經常翻動零(ling)(ling)件使(shi)各(ge)面(mian)噴(pen)(pen)砂(sha)效果均勻(yun)。零(ling)(ling)件噴(pen)(pen)砂(sha)完后,放(fang)入防銹(xiu)液中(zhong)浸(jin)泡(pao)2-4min后,在(zai)空氣中(zhong)干(gan) 燥。需要(yao)注意的是(shi),防銹(xiu)處(chu)理必須在(zai)噴(pen)(pen)砂(sha)后24小時內完成(cheng)。
效(xiao)果
上述方法(fa)簡單(dan)實用(yong),不(bu)需要(yao)專用(yong)裝備即(ji)可實現直齒錐(zhui)齒輪的(de)加工,且經濟性好,成本(ben)較(jiao)低(di)。經對 加工后(hou)的(de)錐(zhui)齒輪進行檢測,尺寸及(ji)形(xing)位(wei)精度均符合要(yao)求,滲碳層(ceng)深度為(wei)(wei)1.1-1.3mm,齒部金(jin)相(xiang)組織為(wei)(wei) 單(dan)一的(de)板條狀回火馬(ma)氏體組織,硬(ying)(ying)度為(wei)(wei)HRC58-62。心部硬(ying)(ying)度為(wei)(wei)HRC36-40,完全(quan)可以滿足該零件的(de)質 量要(yao)求。