東(dong)莞市銳鑫(xin)機電有限公司
聯系人(ren):劉君燕/13539086677
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地(di)址:東(dong)莞市虎(hu)門鎮捷東(dong)南路(lu)9號
B棟401
具體參數
拖泵制作工藝
刀具選(xuan)擇(ze)
從(cong)該齒(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)的結(jie)構(gou)和技術參(can)數可知,該錐(zhui)(zhui)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)屬于標準結(jie)構(gou),一(yi)(yi)般情況下,標準直(zhi)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)錐(zhui)(zhui)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)成(cheng)(cheng)形銑(xian) 刀的齒(chi)(chi)(chi)形是按(an)(an)大端(duan)背錐(zhui)(zhui)當(dang)量(liang)漸開(kai)線齒(chi)(chi)(chi)形設(she)計(ji),而齒(chi)(chi)(chi)厚則按(an)(an)照(zhao)小端(duan)設(she)計(ji),并考(kao)慮(lv)留有(you)一(yi)(yi)定精切余量(liang)。一(yi)(yi) 般情況下直(zhi)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)錐(zhui)(zhui)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)成(cheng)(cheng)形銑(xian)刀有(you)3把(ba)(ba)、8把(ba)(ba)、15把(ba)(ba)、26把(ba)(ba)一(yi)(yi)套,刀號應按(an)(an)照(zhao)錐(zhui)(zhui)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)當(dang)量(liang)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)數來選擇。當(dang) 量(liang)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)數Zv可按(an)(an)照(zhao)下式(shi)計(ji)算:
熱處理工藝方法及過程
如前文所(suo)述,機(ji)加工(gong)前對齒坯進行整體高(gao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)正火處理,正火設備為(wei)RT-90-9 箱式(shi)爐(lu)(lu),具(ju)體工(gong)藝(yi)過程是(shi),爐(lu)(lu)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)升至(zhi)裝(zhuang)爐(lu)(lu)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度400-650℃時(shi),將齒輪放 爐(lu)(lu)中,裝(zhuang)零(ling)件(jian)時(shi)如果(guo)需要疊放,疊放高(gao)度不要超過兩層,然后將零(ling)件(jian)加熱至(zhi)920-940℃,使(shi)組織完全發生相變,保(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)30-50分(fen)鐘(zhong)后,空冷即可。正火工(gong)藝(yi):
由于該齒輪精度(du)(du)要求不是(shi)很(hen)高(gao)(gao),為降低滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)淬(cui)(cui)火(huo)成本(ben),可(ke)(ke)以采用滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)后直接淬(cui)(cui)火(huo)的(de)(de)工藝方法(fa),具 體(ti)方法(fa)是(shi)將零件(jian)(jian)裝入(ru)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)筐中,不要疊加(jia),爐(lu)溫(wen)(wen)升至(zhi)840℃開(kai)始(shi)滴(di)航空(kong)煤油,煤油滴(di)速為60-80d/min, 爐(lu)溫(wen)(wen)升至(zhi)930℃時(shi)(shi)零件(jian)(jian)開(kai)始(shi)裝爐(lu)。排氣期結束后,放入(ru)兩只(zhi)試(shi)棒,其(qi)中一只(zhi)試(shi)棒在(zai)擴散(san)時(shi)(shi)間為120 min時(shi)(shi)取出(chu)淬(cui)(cui)油冷卻并(bing)檢驗淬(cui)(cui)硬層(ceng)深度(du)(du),根據檢驗結果決定是(shi)否(fou)降溫(wen)(wen),若滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)層(ceng)深度(du)(du)不足,擴散(san)期延長至(zhi) 150min。滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)時(shi)(shi)可(ke)(ke)按照表1規(gui)定參數進(jin)行(xing),為控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)時(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)勢濃(nong)度(du)(du),可(ke)(ke)采用在(zai)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)爐(lu)中加(jia)裝氧傳感(gan) 器的(de)(de)方法(fa)進(jin)行(xing)監測和控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),氧傳感(gan)器通過氧化鋯探頭,將氣氛(fen)狀態轉化為電勢差,上(shang)述差值通過控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi) 系統的(de)(de)比(bi)較和計算,確(que)定碳(tan)(tan)(tan)勢的(de)(de)濃(nong)度(du)(du)是(shi)否(fou)合適(shi)并(bing)對其(qi)進(jin)行(xing)自動優化和調整,使(shi)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)勢控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)精度(du)(du)可(ke)(ke)以達到 ≤±0.05%C,可(ke)(ke)有效控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)層(ceng)深度(du)(du)并(bing)提(ti)高(gao)(gao)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)層(ceng)的(de)(de)質量,確(que)保無(wu)塊(kuai)狀、網狀滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)物,滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)設備采 用RQ3-75-9井式(shi)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)爐(lu)。滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)均溫(wen)(wen)期結束后,零件(jian)(jian)出(chu)爐(lu)直接淬(cui)(cui)火(huo)。淬(cui)(cui)火(huo)設備選用專用恒溫(wen)(wen)油槽,淬(cui)(cui) 火(huo)介質為專用等溫(wen)(wen)分級淬(cui)(cui)火(huo)油,介質溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)恒定在(zai)110-120℃之間,冷卻30min后,出(chu)爐(lu)空(kong)冷。
為消(xiao)除淬火(huo)后(hou)零件(jian)的(de)殘(can)余應力并(bing)防止淬火(huo)裂紋的(de)產生,應盡快將淬火(huo)后(hou)的(de)零件(jian)進行低(di)溫(wen)回火(huo)處理(li),具體工藝方法是在(zai)當爐溫(wen)升至160℃左右時零 件(jian)開始裝(zhuang)爐,保溫(wen)120-150min后(hou),出爐空冷,回火(huo)設(she)備為RJJ-36-6回火(huo)爐。淬火(huo)及回火(huo)工藝圖見(jian)圖5:
后序處(chu)理(li)
將熱處(chu)(chu)理(li)后(hou)的零(ling)件(jian)放在噴(pen)砂(sha)(sha)機的轉(zhuan)盤上(shang)進行噴(pen)砂(sha)(sha)處(chu)(chu)理(li),選用石英砂(sha)(sha)的粒度為10-20目,在噴(pen)砂(sha)(sha)過(guo) 程中(zhong)要經常翻(fan)動零(ling)件(jian)使各面噴(pen)砂(sha)(sha)效果均勻。零(ling)件(jian)噴(pen)砂(sha)(sha)完后(hou),放入防銹液中(zhong)浸泡2-4min后(hou),在空氣中(zhong)干 燥。需要注意的是(shi),防銹處(chu)(chu)理(li)必須在噴(pen)砂(sha)(sha)后(hou)24小時內完成。
效果
上述方(fang)法簡單(dan)實(shi)用(yong),不需要專用(yong)裝(zhuang)備即可實(shi)現直齒(chi)錐齒(chi)輪的(de)加工,且經濟性好,成本較低。經對 加工后(hou)的(de)錐齒(chi)輪進行檢測,尺寸及形位(wei)精度均符合要求(qiu),滲碳層深度為1.1-1.3mm,齒(chi)部金相(xiang)組(zu)織為 單(dan)一的(de)板條狀回火馬氏體(ti)組(zu)織,硬度為HRC58-62。心部硬度為HRC36-40,完全可以滿足該零件的(de)質 量要求(qiu)。