東莞市銳(rui)鑫機電有限(xian)公司
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B棟401
具體參數
拖泵制作工(gong)藝(yi)
刀具選擇
從該齒(chi)輪的結(jie)構和技術參數可(ke)(ke)知,該錐(zhui)齒(chi)輪屬(shu)于標準結(jie)構,一般情況(kuang)下,標準直(zhi)齒(chi)錐(zhui)齒(chi)輪成形(xing)銑 刀的齒(chi)形(xing)是按大(da)端背錐(zhui)當量漸(jian)開線齒(chi)形(xing)設(she)計,而齒(chi)厚則按照(zhao)小端設(she)計,并考慮留(liu)有一定精切余(yu)量。一 般情況(kuang)下直(zhi)齒(chi)錐(zhui)齒(chi)輪成形(xing)銑刀有3把(ba)(ba)、8把(ba)(ba)、15把(ba)(ba)、26把(ba)(ba)一套(tao),刀號應(ying)按照(zhao)錐(zhui)齒(chi)輪當量齒(chi)數來選擇。當 量齒(chi)數Zv可(ke)(ke)按照(zhao)下式計算:
熱處理工藝方法及(ji)過程
如(ru)前文(wen)所述,機加工前對齒坯(pi)進行(xing)整體高(gao)溫正(zheng)火(huo)(huo)處(chu)理,正(zheng)火(huo)(huo)設備(bei)為RT-90-9 箱(xiang)式爐,具體工藝(yi)過程是,爐溫升至裝(zhuang)爐溫度(du)(du)400-650℃時(shi),將齒輪放 爐中(zhong),裝(zhuang)零件時(shi)如(ru)果需要(yao)(yao)疊放,疊放高(gao)度(du)(du)不(bu)要(yao)(yao)超過兩層(ceng),然后將零件加熱至920-940℃,使組(zu)織完全發生相變(bian),保溫30-50分鐘后,空(kong)冷(leng)即(ji)可(ke)。正(zheng)火(huo)(huo)工藝(yi):
由于該齒輪精度(du)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)不是(shi)很高,為(wei)(wei)降低(di)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)淬(cui)火(huo)(huo)成本,可以采用滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)后(hou)直接(jie)淬(cui)火(huo)(huo)的工藝方(fang)(fang)法,具 體(ti)方(fang)(fang)法是(shi)將(jiang)零(ling)(ling)件(jian)裝(zhuang)入滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)筐中(zhong)(zhong),不要(yao)(yao)疊加,爐溫(wen)升至840℃開(kai)始滴(di)航空(kong)煤油(you),煤油(you)滴(di)速為(wei)(wei)60-80d/min, 爐溫(wen)升至930℃時(shi)(shi)零(ling)(ling)件(jian)開(kai)始裝(zhuang)爐。排氣期結(jie)束后(hou),放(fang)入兩(liang)只試棒,其中(zhong)(zhong)一只試棒在(zai)擴散時(shi)(shi)間(jian)為(wei)(wei)120 min時(shi)(shi)取出淬(cui)油(you)冷(leng)卻(que)并檢(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)淬(cui)硬層深度(du),根據(ju)檢(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)結(jie)果決定(ding)(ding)是(shi)否(fou)降溫(wen),若滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)層深度(du)不足(zu),擴散期延長(chang)至 150min。滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)時(shi)(shi)可按照表1規定(ding)(ding)參數進行,為(wei)(wei)控(kong)制滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)時(shi)(shi)的碳(tan)(tan)(tan)勢濃度(du),可采用在(zai)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)爐中(zhong)(zhong)加裝(zhuang)氧傳(chuan)感 器的方(fang)(fang)法進行監測和控(kong)制,氧傳(chuan)感器通(tong)過氧化(hua)鋯探頭,將(jiang)氣氛狀態(tai)轉化(hua)為(wei)(wei)電勢差(cha),上述差(cha)值通(tong)過控(kong)制 系統的比較(jiao)和計(ji)算,確(que)定(ding)(ding)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)勢的濃度(du)是(shi)否(fou)合適并對(dui)其進行自動優(you)化(hua)和調整,使碳(tan)(tan)(tan)勢控(kong)制精度(du)可以達到 ≤±0.05%C,可有效控(kong)制滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)層深度(du)并提高滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)層的質(zhi)量(liang),確(que)保(bao)無塊狀、網狀滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)物,滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)設(she)備(bei)采 用RQ3-75-9井式滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)爐。滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)均溫(wen)期結(jie)束后(hou),零(ling)(ling)件(jian)出爐直接(jie)淬(cui)火(huo)(huo)。淬(cui)火(huo)(huo)設(she)備(bei)選(xuan)用專用恒(heng)溫(wen)油(you)槽,淬(cui) 火(huo)(huo)介質(zhi)為(wei)(wei)專用等溫(wen)分級(ji)淬(cui)火(huo)(huo)油(you),介質(zhi)溫(wen)度(du)恒(heng)定(ding)(ding)在(zai)110-120℃之間(jian),冷(leng)卻(que)30min后(hou),出爐空(kong)冷(leng)。
為(wei)消除淬(cui)火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)后(hou)零(ling)件(jian)的(de)殘余應(ying)力并(bing)防止淬(cui)火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)裂紋的(de)產生,應(ying)盡快將淬(cui)火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)后(hou)的(de)零(ling)件(jian)進行低(di)溫(wen)回(hui)火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)處(chu)理,具體工(gong)(gong)藝方法是在當爐溫(wen)升至(zhi)160℃左右時零(ling) 件(jian)開始裝爐,保溫(wen)120-150min后(hou),出爐空冷,回(hui)火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)設備為(wei)RJJ-36-6回(hui)火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)爐。淬(cui)火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)及回(hui)火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)工(gong)(gong)藝圖(tu)見圖(tu)5:
后序處理
將熱處理后的(de)零(ling)(ling)件放在(zai)噴(pen)(pen)砂機(ji)的(de)轉盤上進行噴(pen)(pen)砂處理,選(xuan)用(yong)石英砂的(de)粒(li)度(du)為10-20目,在(zai)噴(pen)(pen)砂過 程中要經常翻動零(ling)(ling)件使各面噴(pen)(pen)砂效果均勻。零(ling)(ling)件噴(pen)(pen)砂完后,放入(ru)防銹(xiu)液中浸泡(pao)2-4min后,在(zai)空(kong)氣中干 燥。需(xu)要注(zhu)意(yi)的(de)是,防銹(xiu)處理必須在(zai)噴(pen)(pen)砂后24小時內完成。
效果
上述方法簡單實(shi)用(yong),不需要(yao)專用(yong)裝備即可實(shi)現直齒(chi)錐齒(chi)輪(lun)的(de)加工,且(qie)經(jing)濟性好,成(cheng)本較低。經(jing)對 加工后的(de)錐齒(chi)輪(lun)進行檢測(ce),尺寸及形位精度(du)均符合要(yao)求,滲碳層深度(du)為(wei)(wei)1.1-1.3mm,齒(chi)部金相組(zu)織(zhi)為(wei)(wei) 單一的(de)板條狀回火馬氏(shi)體組(zu)織(zhi),硬(ying)(ying)度(du)為(wei)(wei)HRC58-62。心部硬(ying)(ying)度(du)為(wei)(wei)HRC36-40,完(wan)全可以(yi)滿(man)足該零(ling)件的(de)質 量要(yao)求。