東莞市(shi)銳鑫機電(dian)有限公司(si)
聯系人:劉(liu)君燕/13539086677
24小(xiao)時服務熱線:13763247345
座(zuo)機:400-1501660
郵(you)箱:[email protected]
網址:21yantai.cn
地址(zhi):東(dong)莞(guan)市虎門鎮捷東(dong)南(nan)路9號
B棟401
具體參數
拖泵制(zhi)作(zuo)工(gong)藝
刀具(ju)選擇(ze)
從該(gai)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)(lun)的結(jie)構和技術參(can)數可(ke)知,該(gai)錐(zhui)(zhui)(zhui)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)(lun)屬(shu)于標準(zhun)結(jie)構,一(yi)般(ban)情(qing)況下(xia),標準(zhun)直齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)錐(zhui)(zhui)(zhui)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)(lun)成(cheng)形(xing)銑(xian) 刀的齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)形(xing)是按(an)(an)(an)大端背錐(zhui)(zhui)(zhui)當量(liang)(liang)(liang)漸開線齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)形(xing)設(she)計(ji)(ji),而齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)厚(hou)則(ze)按(an)(an)(an)照(zhao)小(xiao)端設(she)計(ji)(ji),并考慮留(liu)有(you)一(yi)定精切(qie)余(yu)量(liang)(liang)(liang)。一(yi) 般(ban)情(qing)況下(xia)直齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)錐(zhui)(zhui)(zhui)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)(lun)成(cheng)形(xing)銑(xian)刀有(you)3把、8把、15把、26把一(yi)套,刀號應按(an)(an)(an)照(zhao)錐(zhui)(zhui)(zhui)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)(lun)當量(liang)(liang)(liang)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)數來(lai)選(xuan)擇。當 量(liang)(liang)(liang)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)數Zv可(ke)按(an)(an)(an)照(zhao)下(xia)式計(ji)(ji)算:
熱處(chu)理工藝方法及過程
如前文所述,機加(jia)(jia)工前對齒坯進行整體高溫正火處理,正火設備為RT-90-9 箱式爐(lu),具體工藝過程是,爐(lu)溫升至裝爐(lu)溫度(du)400-650℃時,將(jiang)齒輪放(fang) 爐(lu)中,裝零件(jian)時如果(guo)需(xu)要疊放(fang),疊放(fang)高度(du)不(bu)要超過兩(liang)層,然后將(jiang)零件(jian)加(jia)(jia)熱(re)至920-940℃,使組織完全發生相變,保(bao)溫30-50分鐘后,空冷即可。正火工藝:
由于該齒輪精度要求不(bu)是很高(gao),為(wei)(wei)降(jiang)低滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)(huo)成(cheng)本(ben),可(ke)以采(cai)(cai)用滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)后直接淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)(huo)的(de)工(gong)藝方(fang)法,具 體方(fang)法是將零件裝(zhuang)入滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)筐中(zhong)(zhong),不(bu)要疊(die)加,爐溫(wen)(wen)(wen)升至840℃開始(shi)滴(di)(di)航空(kong)煤油(you),煤油(you)滴(di)(di)速(su)為(wei)(wei)60-80d/min, 爐溫(wen)(wen)(wen)升至930℃時零件開始(shi)裝(zhuang)爐。排氣期(qi)(qi)結束后,放入兩只試棒,其中(zhong)(zhong)一(yi)只試棒在(zai)擴散時間為(wei)(wei)120 min時取出(chu)淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)油(you)冷卻(que)并(bing)檢(jian)驗淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)硬層(ceng)深(shen)度,根(gen)據檢(jian)驗結果(guo)決定是否降(jiang)溫(wen)(wen)(wen),若滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)層(ceng)深(shen)度不(bu)足,擴散期(qi)(qi)延長至 150min。滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)時可(ke)按照表(biao)1規(gui)定參數進(jin)行,為(wei)(wei)控制(zhi)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)時的(de)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)勢濃(nong)度,可(ke)采(cai)(cai)用在(zai)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)爐中(zhong)(zhong)加裝(zhuang)氧傳感(gan) 器(qi)的(de)方(fang)法進(jin)行監測和控制(zhi),氧傳感(gan)器(qi)通(tong)過氧化(hua)鋯探(tan)頭(tou),將氣氛狀態轉(zhuan)化(hua)為(wei)(wei)電勢差(cha),上述差(cha)值通(tong)過控制(zhi) 系統的(de)比較和計算,確定碳(tan)(tan)(tan)勢的(de)濃(nong)度是否合適并(bing)對其進(jin)行自動(dong)優化(hua)和調整,使碳(tan)(tan)(tan)勢控制(zhi)精度可(ke)以達到 ≤±0.05%C,可(ke)有效控制(zhi)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)層(ceng)深(shen)度并(bing)提(ti)高(gao)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)層(ceng)的(de)質(zhi)量(liang),確保無塊狀、網狀滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)物,滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)設(she)(she)備采(cai)(cai) 用RQ3-75-9井式滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)爐。滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)均溫(wen)(wen)(wen)期(qi)(qi)結束后,零件出(chu)爐直接淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)(huo)。淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)(huo)設(she)(she)備選用專用恒溫(wen)(wen)(wen)油(you)槽,淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui) 火(huo)(huo)(huo)介質(zhi)為(wei)(wei)專用等溫(wen)(wen)(wen)分級(ji)淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)(huo)油(you),介質(zhi)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)度恒定在(zai)110-120℃之間,冷卻(que)30min后,出(chu)爐空(kong)冷。
為消除淬火(huo)(huo)(huo)后零件(jian)的殘余(yu)應力并防止淬火(huo)(huo)(huo)裂紋的產生,應盡(jin)快將(jiang)淬火(huo)(huo)(huo)后的零件(jian)進行低溫(wen)(wen)回(hui)火(huo)(huo)(huo)處理(li),具體工(gong)藝方法是在(zai)當(dang)爐溫(wen)(wen)升至160℃左右(you)時零 件(jian)開始裝爐,保溫(wen)(wen)120-150min后,出爐空冷,回(hui)火(huo)(huo)(huo)設備(bei)為RJJ-36-6回(hui)火(huo)(huo)(huo)爐。淬火(huo)(huo)(huo)及回(hui)火(huo)(huo)(huo)工(gong)藝圖見圖5:
后序處理
將熱(re)處理(li)后(hou)(hou)的零件放在噴(pen)砂機(ji)的轉盤(pan)上進(jin)行(xing)噴(pen)砂處理(li),選(xuan)用石英砂的粒(li)度為10-20目(mu),在噴(pen)砂過 程中要經常翻動(dong)零件使(shi)各面噴(pen)砂效(xiao)果均勻。零件噴(pen)砂完(wan)后(hou)(hou),放入防(fang)銹(xiu)液中浸泡(pao)2-4min后(hou)(hou),在空氣中干(gan) 燥(zao)。需(xu)要注意的是(shi),防(fang)銹(xiu)處理(li)必須在噴(pen)砂后(hou)(hou)24小時內完(wan)成(cheng)。
效果
上述方法簡單(dan)實用,不需要專用裝備即(ji)可實現直(zhi)齒(chi)錐(zhui)齒(chi)輪(lun)的加(jia)工(gong),且經濟性好(hao),成本較低。經對 加(jia)工(gong)后的錐(zhui)齒(chi)輪(lun)進行檢測,尺(chi)寸及(ji)形位精度(du)均符合要求,滲碳層深(shen)度(du)為1.1-1.3mm,齒(chi)部金(jin)相(xiang)組織為 單(dan)一(yi)的板條狀(zhuang)回火馬氏體組織,硬(ying)度(du)為HRC58-62。心(xin)部硬(ying)度(du)為HRC36-40,完全(quan)可以滿足該零件的質 量要求。