隨(sui)著(zhu)現(xian)代工(gong)業的(de)興起，以混(hun)(hun)凝(ning)土為主材料的(de)建設方式已經(jing)成為了(le)(le)建筑業施工(gong)的(de)主要構造之一(yi)，在各種工(gong)程施工(gong)建設中占據了(le)(le)很(hen)大的(de)比例(li)，使得混(hun)(hun)凝(ning)土機(ji)械(xie)的(de)發展經(jing)久不衰，且有越演越烈的(de)形勢。拖(tuo)式混(hun)(hun)凝(ning)土泵(beng)(beng)，簡稱拖(tuo)泵(beng)(beng)，是各種混(hun)(hun)凝(ning)土機(ji)械(xie)中的(de)一(yi)種，用(yong)于混(hun)(hun)凝(ning)土施工(gong)中的(de)輸送和(he)澆(jiao)注工(gong)作。

拖泵分類選型

37千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)（目前國內標準混凝(ning)土泵，37千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)以下為(wei)細石(shi)砂漿泵）、45千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)、55千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)、75千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)、90千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)、110千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)、130千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)（柴油）、132千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)、162千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)（柴油）、174千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)（柴油）等。

選擇多大(da)電機混凝(ning)土(tu)泵，首(shou)先要考(kao)慮(lv)變(bian)壓器容(rong)量，其次考(kao)慮(lv)距離混凝(ning)土(tu)泵的(de)遠近和線徑大(da)小(xiao)，以免壓降(jiang)過(guo)大(da)造(zao)成電流增高或跳(tiao)閘停(ting)機，過(guo)大(da)功(gong)率造(zao)成成本增加和使用不便。電機過(guo)小(xiao)，同時(shi)也滿足不了工程需要。

混凝土(tu)(tu)輸送(song)(song)泵功率(lv)、混凝土(tu)(tu)輸送(song)(song)泵出口壓力、混凝土(tu)(tu)輸送(song)(song)泵輸送(song)(song)量之間的關(guan)系

一臺(tai)混凝土輸送(song)泵的(de)電(dian)機功率是(shi)決定(ding)出口(kou)壓(ya)力(li)(li)和輸送(song)方量(liang)的(de)前(qian)提條件(jian)，在(zai)電(dian)機功率一定(ding)的(de)情況(kuang)下，壓(ya)力(li)(li)的(de)升高必將使(shi)輸送(song)量(liang)降(jiang)低(di)；相(xiang)反，降(jiang)低(di)出口(kou)壓(ya)力(li)(li)，將會使(shi)輸送(song)量(liang)增加。

為了(le)保證混(hun)凝土輸(shu)送(song)(song)泵(beng)既要(yao)有較大(da)(da)輸(shu)送(song)(song)量(liang)(liang)，又能(neng)有一定(ding)的出(chu)(chu)口(kou)壓(ya)力和與(yu)之相(xiang)(xiang)匹配的經濟(ji)功(gong)(gong)率，在混(hun)凝土輸(shu)送(song)(song)泵(beng)的設計中，大(da)(da)都采用了(le)恒功(gong)(gong)率柱塞泵(beng)；即恒功(gong)(gong)率值選定(ding)后，當出(chu)(chu)口(kou)壓(ya)力升高時，油泵(beng)輸(shu)出(chu)(chu)排量(liang)(liang)會(hui)自動降低(di)，達到與(yu)功(gong)(gong)率設計相(xiang)(xiang)對應的值；如果既要(yao)達到出(chu)(chu)口(kou)壓(ya)力高，又想得到輸(shu)送(song)(song)量(liang)(liang)大(da)(da)的目的。惟一的途徑就是增加(jia)電機功(gong)(gong)率。

因(yin)此，在(zai)國家(jia)新標(biao)準中，引用了(le)混(hun)凝土輸(shu)送(song)泵(beng)的(de)(de)(de)能力(li)指數(shu)(shu)概念（以MPa·m3/h為(wei)度量(liang)單(dan)位）；即(ji)混(hun)凝土輸(shu)送(song)泵(beng)的(de)(de)(de)實際出口壓力(li)與(yu)每小(xiao)時實際輸(shu)送(song)量(liang)之(zhi)乘積，該值(zhi)越大(da)(da)，其(qi)能力(li)指數(shu)(shu)也(ye)越大(da)(da)，電機的(de)(de)(de)功(gong)率也(ye)將越大(da)(da)，由(you)此實現大(da)(da)排量(liang)、高揚程的(de)(de)(de)目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)。科尼樂公司在(zai)設(she)計時，還(huan)采(cai)用了(le)高低壓切(qie)換的(de)(de)(de)功(gong)能設(she)計，以滿足不同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)施(shi)工要(yao)求，在(zai)經濟狀態下，又能產生(sheng)較大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)輸(shu)送(song)量(liang)，或者以相同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)電機功(gong)率，產生(sheng)較高的(de)(de)(de)出口壓力(li)。