東莞市銳鑫機電有限公(gong)司
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B棟401
具體參數
拖(tuo)泵制作(zuo)工藝
刀(dao)具選擇
從該齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)輪的結構(gou)(gou)和技術參(can)數(shu)(shu)可知,該錐(zhui)(zhui)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)輪屬(shu)于(yu)標準(zhun)結構(gou)(gou),一般情況下(xia),標準(zhun)直(zhi)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)錐(zhui)(zhui)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)輪成形(xing)銑(xian) 刀的齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)形(xing)是按大端背(bei)錐(zhui)(zhui)當(dang)量(liang)(liang)(liang)漸(jian)開線齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)形(xing)設計(ji),而齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)厚則按照小端設計(ji),并考(kao)慮留有一定精切(qie)余量(liang)(liang)(liang)。一 般情況下(xia)直(zhi)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)錐(zhui)(zhui)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)輪成形(xing)銑(xian)刀有3把(ba)(ba)、8把(ba)(ba)、15把(ba)(ba)、26把(ba)(ba)一套,刀號應按照錐(zhui)(zhui)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)輪當(dang)量(liang)(liang)(liang)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)數(shu)(shu)來選擇。當(dang) 量(liang)(liang)(liang)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)數(shu)(shu)Zv可按照下(xia)式計(ji)算:
熱(re)處(chu)理工藝方法及(ji)過程
如(ru)前文所述,機加(jia)工前對齒坯進行整體高(gao)(gao)溫正(zheng)火(huo)處理,正(zheng)火(huo)設備為(wei)RT-90-9 箱(xiang)式爐(lu),具(ju)體工藝過程是,爐(lu)溫升至(zhi)裝爐(lu)溫度400-650℃時,將齒輪放(fang) 爐(lu)中,裝零件時如(ru)果需要疊放(fang),疊放(fang)高(gao)(gao)度不要超過兩層,然(ran)后將零件加(jia)熱至(zhi)920-940℃,使(shi)組織(zhi)完全發生(sheng)相變(bian),保(bao)溫30-50分鐘后,空冷(leng)即(ji)可。正(zheng)火(huo)工藝:
由于該(gai)齒(chi)輪精(jing)度(du)(du)要求不是(shi)(shi)很高(gao),為降(jiang)低滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)淬(cui)火(huo)成本,可以采(cai)用(yong)(yong)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)后直接淬(cui)火(huo)的(de)工藝方法(fa)(fa),具 體方法(fa)(fa)是(shi)(shi)將零(ling)件(jian)裝入(ru)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)筐中(zhong),不要疊加(jia),爐溫升至840℃開(kai)始(shi)滴航空(kong)煤油,煤油滴速為60-80d/min, 爐溫升至930℃時零(ling)件(jian)開(kai)始(shi)裝爐。排氣期(qi)(qi)結(jie)束(shu)后,放入(ru)兩只試棒(bang),其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)一只試棒(bang)在(zai)(zai)擴(kuo)散時間為120 min時取出(chu)淬(cui)油冷(leng)(leng)卻并(bing)檢驗淬(cui)硬(ying)層(ceng)深度(du)(du),根據(ju)檢驗結(jie)果決定(ding)是(shi)(shi)否降(jiang)溫,若滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)層(ceng)深度(du)(du)不足,擴(kuo)散期(qi)(qi)延(yan)長至 150min。滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)時可按照(zhao)表1規定(ding)參(can)數(shu)進(jin)行,為控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)時的(de)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)勢(shi)濃(nong)度(du)(du),可采(cai)用(yong)(yong)在(zai)(zai)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)爐中(zhong)加(jia)裝氧(yang)(yang)傳感 器(qi)的(de)方法(fa)(fa)進(jin)行監測和控(kong)(kong)制(zhi),氧(yang)(yang)傳感器(qi)通過(guo)氧(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)鋯(gao)探(tan)頭(tou),將氣氛狀(zhuang)態(tai)轉(zhuan)化(hua)(hua)為電(dian)勢(shi)差,上述差值通過(guo)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi) 系(xi)統的(de)比較和計算,確定(ding)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)勢(shi)的(de)濃(nong)度(du)(du)是(shi)(shi)否合適并(bing)對其(qi)(qi)進(jin)行自動(dong)優化(hua)(hua)和調(diao)整,使(shi)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)勢(shi)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)精(jing)度(du)(du)可以達到 ≤±0.05%C,可有效控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)層(ceng)深度(du)(du)并(bing)提高(gao)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)層(ceng)的(de)質量,確保(bao)無塊狀(zhuang)、網狀(zhuang)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)物,滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)設備采(cai) 用(yong)(yong)RQ3-75-9井式滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)爐。滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)均溫期(qi)(qi)結(jie)束(shu)后,零(ling)件(jian)出(chu)爐直接淬(cui)火(huo)。淬(cui)火(huo)設備選用(yong)(yong)專用(yong)(yong)恒溫油槽,淬(cui) 火(huo)介(jie)質為專用(yong)(yong)等溫分(fen)級淬(cui)火(huo)油,介(jie)質溫度(du)(du)恒定(ding)在(zai)(zai)110-120℃之間,冷(leng)(leng)卻30min后,出(chu)爐空(kong)冷(leng)(leng)。
為(wei)消除(chu)淬火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)后零(ling)(ling)件的殘(can)余應力并防(fang)止淬火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)裂紋的產生,應盡快將淬火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)后的零(ling)(ling)件進行低溫(wen)(wen)回火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)處理,具體(ti)工藝方法是在當爐溫(wen)(wen)升至160℃左右(you)時零(ling)(ling) 件開始(shi)裝爐,保溫(wen)(wen)120-150min后,出爐空(kong)冷,回火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)設備為(wei)RJJ-36-6回火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)爐。淬火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)及回火(huo)(huo)(huo)(huo)工藝圖(tu)見圖(tu)5:
后(hou)序處理
將熱處理后(hou)的(de)零(ling)(ling)件(jian)放(fang)在(zai)噴(pen)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)機的(de)轉盤上(shang)進行噴(pen)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)處理,選用石英砂(sha)(sha)(sha)的(de)粒度為10-20目(mu),在(zai)噴(pen)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)過 程中要(yao)經常翻動零(ling)(ling)件(jian)使各面噴(pen)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)效果均勻(yun)。零(ling)(ling)件(jian)噴(pen)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)完后(hou),放(fang)入防銹(xiu)(xiu)液中浸泡2-4min后(hou),在(zai)空氣中干 燥。需要(yao)注意的(de)是(shi),防銹(xiu)(xiu)處理必須在(zai)噴(pen)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)后(hou)24小時(shi)內完成。
效果(guo)
上述(shu)方法(fa)簡(jian)單實用(yong),不需要專用(yong)裝備即可實現(xian)直齒錐(zhui)齒輪的(de)加工,且經(jing)濟性好,成本較(jiao)低。經(jing)對(dui) 加工后的(de)錐(zhui)齒輪進行檢測,尺寸及形位精度(du)均符合要求(qiu),滲碳層(ceng)深度(du)為(wei)1.1-1.3mm,齒部金相組(zu)織為(wei) 單一(yi)的(de)板(ban)條(tiao)狀回火馬氏體(ti)組(zu)織,硬度(du)為(wei)HRC58-62。心(xin)部硬度(du)為(wei)HRC36-40,完全可以(yi)滿(man)足該(gai)零件的(de)質 量要求(qiu)。