東莞(guan)市銳鑫(xin)機電(dian)有限公司(si)
聯系人(ren):劉(liu)君燕/13539086677
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地址:東莞市虎(hu)門鎮(zhen)捷東南路9號
B棟401
具體參數
拖(tuo)泵制作工藝
刀具選擇
從該齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)的結構(gou)和(he)技術參數(shu)可(ke)知(zhi),該錐(zhui)(zhui)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)屬于標準(zhun)結構(gou),一(yi)般情況下(xia),標準(zhun)直齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)錐(zhui)(zhui)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)成形(xing)銑 刀(dao)的齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)形(xing)是按(an)大端背錐(zhui)(zhui)當量(liang)(liang)(liang)漸開線(xian)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)形(xing)設計,而齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)厚則按(an)照(zhao)小端設計,并考慮留有一(yi)定精切余量(liang)(liang)(liang)。一(yi) 般情況下(xia)直齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)錐(zhui)(zhui)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)成形(xing)銑刀(dao)有3把、8把、15把、26把一(yi)套,刀(dao)號應按(an)照(zhao)錐(zhui)(zhui)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)當量(liang)(liang)(liang)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)數(shu)來選擇。當 量(liang)(liang)(liang)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)數(shu)Zv可(ke)按(an)照(zhao)下(xia)式(shi)計算:
熱處理工藝方法及(ji)過程
如前文(wen)所述(shu),機加工前對齒(chi)坯進行整體高(gao)溫正(zheng)(zheng)火(huo)(huo)處理,正(zheng)(zheng)火(huo)(huo)設備(bei)為RT-90-9 箱式(shi)爐,具體工藝過程(cheng)是,爐溫升(sheng)至(zhi)(zhi)裝(zhuang)爐溫度(du)400-650℃時,將(jiang)齒(chi)輪放 爐中,裝(zhuang)零件時如果需要疊放,疊放高(gao)度(du)不要超過兩層,然后(hou)將(jiang)零件加熱(re)至(zhi)(zhi)920-940℃,使組織完全發生相變,保溫30-50分鐘后(hou),空(kong)冷即可。正(zheng)(zheng)火(huo)(huo)工藝:
由于(yu)該齒(chi)輪(lun)精度(du)要求(qiu)不是很高,為(wei)降低(di)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)淬(cui)火成本,可(ke)以(yi)采用(yong)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)后(hou)直接(jie)淬(cui)火的(de)工(gong)藝方法(fa),具 體方法(fa)是將零(ling)件裝(zhuang)(zhuang)入(ru)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)筐中,不要疊加,爐(lu)(lu)溫(wen)(wen)升(sheng)至(zhi)840℃開始滴(di)航(hang)空煤油(you)(you)(you),煤油(you)(you)(you)滴(di)速為(wei)60-80d/min, 爐(lu)(lu)溫(wen)(wen)升(sheng)至(zhi)930℃時(shi)(shi)零(ling)件開始裝(zhuang)(zhuang)爐(lu)(lu)。排氣(qi)期結束(shu)后(hou),放入(ru)兩只試棒,其(qi)(qi)中一只試棒在(zai)擴(kuo)(kuo)散時(shi)(shi)間(jian)為(wei)120 min時(shi)(shi)取出(chu)淬(cui)油(you)(you)(you)冷卻(que)并檢驗淬(cui)硬(ying)層(ceng)(ceng)深(shen)度(du),根(gen)據檢驗結果決定是否(fou)降溫(wen)(wen),若滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)層(ceng)(ceng)深(shen)度(du)不足,擴(kuo)(kuo)散期延長至(zhi) 150min。滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)時(shi)(shi)可(ke)按照表1規(gui)定參數進(jin)行(xing),為(wei)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)時(shi)(shi)的(de)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)勢濃度(du),可(ke)采用(yong)在(zai)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)爐(lu)(lu)中加裝(zhuang)(zhuang)氧傳感 器的(de)方法(fa)進(jin)行(xing)監測和(he)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi),氧傳感器通過氧化鋯探頭,將氣(qi)氛狀(zhuang)態轉(zhuan)化為(wei)電勢差,上述差值通過控(kong)(kong)制(zhi) 系(xi)統的(de)比較和(he)計算(suan),確定碳(tan)(tan)(tan)勢的(de)濃度(du)是否(fou)合適(shi)并對其(qi)(qi)進(jin)行(xing)自動優化和(he)調整,使碳(tan)(tan)(tan)勢控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)精度(du)可(ke)以(yi)達到 ≤±0.05%C,可(ke)有(you)效(xiao)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)層(ceng)(ceng)深(shen)度(du)并提(ti)高滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)層(ceng)(ceng)的(de)質量,確保無塊狀(zhuang)、網(wang)狀(zhuang)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)物(wu),滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)設備(bei)(bei)采 用(yong)RQ3-75-9井式(shi)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)爐(lu)(lu)。滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)均(jun)溫(wen)(wen)期結束(shu)后(hou),零(ling)件出(chu)爐(lu)(lu)直接(jie)淬(cui)火。淬(cui)火設備(bei)(bei)選用(yong)專用(yong)恒溫(wen)(wen)油(you)(you)(you)槽,淬(cui) 火介質為(wei)專用(yong)等溫(wen)(wen)分級淬(cui)火油(you)(you)(you),介質溫(wen)(wen)度(du)恒定在(zai)110-120℃之(zhi)間(jian),冷卻(que)30min后(hou),出(chu)爐(lu)(lu)空冷。
為消除淬(cui)火(huo)(huo)后零(ling)(ling)(ling)件(jian)的殘余應力(li)并(bing)防止淬(cui)火(huo)(huo)裂(lie)紋的產(chan)生,應盡快將淬(cui)火(huo)(huo)后的零(ling)(ling)(ling)件(jian)進行低(di)溫(wen)回火(huo)(huo)處理,具體工藝(yi)方(fang)法(fa)是在當爐(lu)溫(wen)升至160℃左(zuo)右時(shi)零(ling)(ling)(ling) 件(jian)開始裝爐(lu),保(bao)溫(wen)120-150min后,出爐(lu)空冷,回火(huo)(huo)設(she)備為RJJ-36-6回火(huo)(huo)爐(lu)。淬(cui)火(huo)(huo)及回火(huo)(huo)工藝(yi)圖(tu)見(jian)圖(tu)5:
后序處理
將熱處理(li)后的(de)零件(jian)(jian)(jian)放(fang)在噴(pen)(pen)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)機的(de)轉盤上進行(xing)噴(pen)(pen)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)處理(li),選(xuan)用石(shi)英砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)的(de)粒(li)度(du)為10-20目,在噴(pen)(pen)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)過 程(cheng)中(zhong)要經常(chang)翻動(dong)零件(jian)(jian)(jian)使各(ge)面噴(pen)(pen)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)效(xiao)果均勻。零件(jian)(jian)(jian)噴(pen)(pen)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)完后,放(fang)入(ru)防銹液中(zhong)浸泡2-4min后,在空氣中(zhong)干 燥。需(xu)要注意的(de)是,防銹處理(li)必須在噴(pen)(pen)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)后24小時內完成(cheng)。
效果
上述方(fang)法簡單實(shi)用,不需要專用裝備即可實(shi)現直(zhi)齒錐齒輪的加(jia)工,且經濟性好,成本較低。經對 加(jia)工后的錐齒輪進(jin)行檢(jian)測,尺寸及形位精度(du)均符合(he)要求,滲碳層深度(du)為(wei)1.1-1.3mm,齒部金相組織(zhi)為(wei) 單一的板條狀(zhuang)回火馬氏體組織(zhi),硬(ying)度(du)為(wei)HRC58-62。心部硬(ying)度(du)為(wei)HRC36-40,完全(quan)可以滿足該零件(jian)的質 量要求。