東莞市銳鑫機電有限公司
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B棟401
具體參數
拖泵制作工藝
刀具選擇
從該齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)的結構和技術參數可知,該錐齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)屬于標(biao)準結構,一(yi)般(ban)(ban)情況(kuang)下(xia)(xia),標(biao)準直(zhi)(zhi)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)錐齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)成形(xing)銑 刀的齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)形(xing)是按大端背錐當(dang)量(liang)漸開線齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)形(xing)設(she)計,而齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)厚(hou)則按照小端設(she)計,并考慮留有一(yi)定精切余(yu)量(liang)。一(yi) 般(ban)(ban)情況(kuang)下(xia)(xia)直(zhi)(zhi)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)錐齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)成形(xing)銑刀有3把、8把、15把、26把一(yi)套,刀號(hao)應按照錐齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)當(dang)量(liang)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)數來選擇。當(dang) 量(liang)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)數Zv可按照下(xia)(xia)式計算:
熱處理工藝(yi)方(fang)法(fa)及過程
如(ru)前(qian)文所述,機加(jia)工(gong)(gong)前(qian)對(dui)齒(chi)(chi)坯進行(xing)整(zheng)體高溫正(zheng)(zheng)火(huo)處理(li),正(zheng)(zheng)火(huo)設備為(wei)RT-90-9 箱式爐(lu),具體工(gong)(gong)藝過程是,爐(lu)溫升至裝(zhuang)爐(lu)溫度400-650℃時(shi),將(jiang)齒(chi)(chi)輪放 爐(lu)中,裝(zhuang)零件時(shi)如(ru)果需要(yao)疊放,疊放高度不要(yao)超(chao)過兩層(ceng),然后將(jiang)零件加(jia)熱至920-940℃,使組織完全(quan)發生相(xiang)變,保(bao)溫30-50分鐘后,空(kong)冷即可。正(zheng)(zheng)火(huo)工(gong)(gong)藝:
由于該齒輪精(jing)度(du)要求不(bu)是(shi)很高,為(wei)(wei)(wei)降低滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)淬(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)成(cheng)本,可以(yi)采(cai)用(yong)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)后直接(jie)淬(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)的(de)工藝方法(fa),具 體方法(fa)是(shi)將零(ling)件裝入滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)筐(kuang)中,不(bu)要疊加(jia),爐(lu)溫升至840℃開(kai)始滴(di)航空(kong)(kong)煤(mei)油,煤(mei)油滴(di)速為(wei)(wei)(wei)60-80d/min, 爐(lu)溫升至930℃時(shi)(shi)零(ling)件開(kai)始裝爐(lu)。排(pai)氣(qi)期(qi)結束后,放入兩(liang)只試棒,其中一只試棒在擴散時(shi)(shi)間(jian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)120 min時(shi)(shi)取出(chu)淬(cui)(cui)(cui)油冷卻并(bing)(bing)(bing)檢驗淬(cui)(cui)(cui)硬(ying)層深度(du),根據檢驗結果決定(ding)(ding)是(shi)否(fou)降溫,若滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)層深度(du)不(bu)足(zu),擴散期(qi)延長(chang)至 150min。滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)時(shi)(shi)可按(an)照(zhao)表1規定(ding)(ding)參數進行(xing),為(wei)(wei)(wei)控制(zhi)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)時(shi)(shi)的(de)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)勢(shi)濃度(du),可采(cai)用(yong)在滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)爐(lu)中加(jia)裝氧傳感 器的(de)方法(fa)進行(xing)監測和控制(zhi),氧傳感器通過(guo)氧化鋯(gao)探頭,將氣(qi)氛狀態轉化為(wei)(wei)(wei)電勢(shi)差,上述差值通過(guo)控制(zhi) 系統的(de)比較和計算,確定(ding)(ding)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)勢(shi)的(de)濃度(du)是(shi)否(fou)合適并(bing)(bing)(bing)對其進行(xing)自動優化和調整,使碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)勢(shi)控制(zhi)精(jing)度(du)可以(yi)達到 ≤±0.05%C,可有效控制(zhi)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)層深度(du)并(bing)(bing)(bing)提高滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)層的(de)質量,確保無塊狀、網(wang)狀滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)物,滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)設備采(cai) 用(yong)RQ3-75-9井式滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)爐(lu)。滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)均溫期(qi)結束后,零(ling)件出(chu)爐(lu)直接(jie)淬(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)。淬(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)設備選(xuan)用(yong)專用(yong)恒(heng)(heng)溫油槽,淬(cui)(cui)(cui) 火(huo)(huo)介質為(wei)(wei)(wei)專用(yong)等(deng)溫分級淬(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)(huo)油,介質溫度(du)恒(heng)(heng)定(ding)(ding)在110-120℃之間(jian),冷卻30min后,出(chu)爐(lu)空(kong)(kong)冷。
為(wei)消除淬(cui)(cui)火(huo)后(hou)零件的殘余應力并(bing)防止(zhi)淬(cui)(cui)火(huo)裂紋(wen)的產生,應盡快(kuai)將淬(cui)(cui)火(huo)后(hou)的零件進行低溫(wen)回(hui)火(huo)處(chu)理(li),具體工藝(yi)方法(fa)是在當爐溫(wen)升至(zhi)160℃左右時零 件開始裝爐,保溫(wen)120-150min后(hou),出(chu)爐空冷,回(hui)火(huo)設備為(wei)RJJ-36-6回(hui)火(huo)爐。淬(cui)(cui)火(huo)及回(hui)火(huo)工藝(yi)圖(tu)見(jian)圖(tu)5:
后(hou)序處理
將熱處(chu)(chu)理(li)后(hou)的(de)(de)零(ling)件放(fang)(fang)在(zai)噴(pen)砂(sha)機的(de)(de)轉盤上進行噴(pen)砂(sha)處(chu)(chu)理(li),選用(yong)石英砂(sha)的(de)(de)粒度為10-20目,在(zai)噴(pen)砂(sha)過 程中(zhong)要經常(chang)翻(fan)動零(ling)件使(shi)各面噴(pen)砂(sha)效果均勻。零(ling)件噴(pen)砂(sha)完(wan)后(hou),放(fang)(fang)入防銹(xiu)液中(zhong)浸泡2-4min后(hou),在(zai)空氣中(zhong)干 燥。需要注(zhu)意的(de)(de)是,防銹(xiu)處(chu)(chu)理(li)必須(xu)在(zai)噴(pen)砂(sha)后(hou)24小時內(nei)完(wan)成。
效果
上(shang)述方(fang)法(fa)簡單(dan)實用,不需(xu)要(yao)(yao)專用裝備即可(ke)實現直齒錐(zhui)齒輪(lun)的(de)(de)(de)加(jia)工(gong),且經濟性好(hao),成本較低。經對 加(jia)工(gong)后的(de)(de)(de)錐(zhui)齒輪(lun)進行檢測,尺寸及形(xing)位精度(du)均符合要(yao)(yao)求,滲碳(tan)層深度(du)為(wei)1.1-1.3mm,齒部金相(xiang)組織為(wei) 單(dan)一(yi)的(de)(de)(de)板(ban)條狀(zhuang)回(hui)火馬氏體組織,硬(ying)度(du)為(wei)HRC58-62。心部硬(ying)度(du)為(wei)HRC36-40,完(wan)全可(ke)以滿足該(gai)零件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)質(zhi) 量要(yao)(yao)求。