隨著現代工(gong)業(ye)的(de)興起(qi)，以混凝(ning)土(tu)(tu)為(wei)主(zhu)材料的(de)建(jian)設方式已經(jing)成為(wei)了建(jian)筑業(ye)施工(gong)的(de)主(zhu)要(yao)構造(zao)之一(yi)，在各種(zhong)(zhong)工(gong)程施工(gong)建(jian)設中(zhong)(zhong)占據了很大的(de)比例(li)，使得(de)混凝(ning)土(tu)(tu)機械的(de)發(fa)展經(jing)久不(bu)衰(shuai)，且(qie)有越(yue)演越(yue)烈的(de)形勢。拖式混凝(ning)土(tu)(tu)泵(beng)，簡稱拖泵(beng)，是各種(zhong)(zhong)混凝(ning)土(tu)(tu)機械中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)一(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)，用于混凝(ning)土(tu)(tu)施工(gong)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)輸送和澆注工(gong)作。

拖泵分類選型

37千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)（目前(qian)國內標準混(hun)凝土泵，37千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)以下為(wei)細石(shi)砂漿泵）、45千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)、55千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)、75千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)、90千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)、110千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)、130千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)（柴(chai)油(you)）、132千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)、162千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)（柴(chai)油(you)）、174千(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)（柴(chai)油(you)）等。

選擇多(duo)大(da)電機(ji)混凝土泵(beng)，首(shou)先要考(kao)(kao)慮(lv)(lv)變(bian)壓器容量，其次考(kao)(kao)慮(lv)(lv)距離混凝土泵(beng)的(de)遠(yuan)近(jin)和線徑(jing)大(da)小，以免壓降過(guo)大(da)造成(cheng)電流增(zeng)高或跳閘停機(ji)，過(guo)大(da)功(gong)率造成(cheng)成(cheng)本增(zeng)加(jia)和使用(yong)不(bu)(bu)便。電機(ji)過(guo)小，同時也滿(man)足不(bu)(bu)了(le)工程需要。

混(hun)凝土輸(shu)送泵功率、混(hun)凝土輸(shu)送泵出口壓力、混(hun)凝土輸(shu)送泵輸(shu)送量之間的關(guan)系

一(yi)臺(tai)混凝土輸(shu)送泵的(de)電機功率(lv)是決(jue)定(ding)出口壓力和輸(shu)送方量(liang)(liang)的(de)前提(ti)條件，在電機功率(lv)一(yi)定(ding)的(de)情況下，壓力的(de)升高(gao)必將使(shi)輸(shu)送量(liang)(liang)降低(di)；相(xiang)反，降低(di)出口壓力，將會(hui)使(shi)輸(shu)送量(liang)(liang)增加。

為了(le)保證混凝(ning)土輸送(song)(song)(song)泵(beng)(beng)既要有較(jiao)大(da)輸送(song)(song)(song)量(liang)，又(you)能(neng)有一定(ding)的(de)(de)出口壓力(li)(li)和與(yu)(yu)之(zhi)相(xiang)(xiang)匹配(pei)的(de)(de)經(jing)濟功(gong)(gong)(gong)率，在混凝(ning)土輸送(song)(song)(song)泵(beng)(beng)的(de)(de)設計(ji)中，大(da)都采用了(le)恒功(gong)(gong)(gong)率柱塞(sai)泵(beng)(beng)；即恒功(gong)(gong)(gong)率值(zhi)選定(ding)后(hou)，當出口壓力(li)(li)升高時(shi)，油泵(beng)(beng)輸出排量(liang)會自動降低(di)，達到(dao)與(yu)(yu)功(gong)(gong)(gong)率設計(ji)相(xiang)(xiang)對應的(de)(de)值(zhi)；如果既要達到(dao)出口壓力(li)(li)高，又(you)想得到(dao)輸送(song)(song)(song)量(liang)大(da)的(de)(de)目的(de)(de)。惟一的(de)(de)途徑就是增加電機功(gong)(gong)(gong)率。

因此，在(zai)國家(jia)新標準中(zhong)，引用(yong)了(le)(le)混凝(ning)土(tu)輸送(song)(song)泵的(de)(de)(de)能(neng)力(li)指(zhi)數(shu)概念（以MPa·m3/h為度量(liang)單位(wei)）；即(ji)混凝(ning)土(tu)輸送(song)(song)泵的(de)(de)(de)實(shi)際(ji)出(chu)口壓(ya)力(li)與每(mei)小時實(shi)際(ji)輸送(song)(song)量(liang)之(zhi)乘積，該值越(yue)(yue)大(da)，其能(neng)力(li)指(zhi)數(shu)也(ye)越(yue)(yue)大(da)，電機的(de)(de)(de)功(gong)率也(ye)將越(yue)(yue)大(da)，由此實(shi)現大(da)排(pai)量(liang)、高(gao)揚程的(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)。科尼樂公(gong)司(si)在(zai)設(she)計時，還采(cai)用(yong)了(le)(le)高(gao)低壓(ya)切換的(de)(de)(de)功(gong)能(neng)設(she)計，以滿足不同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)施工(gong)要求，在(zai)經濟狀(zhuang)態下，又能(neng)產生較大(da)的(de)(de)(de)輸送(song)(song)量(liang)，或者(zhe)以相同(tong)的(de)(de)(de)電機功(gong)率，產生較高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)出(chu)口壓(ya)力(li)。