東(dong)莞市銳鑫機電有限公(gong)司
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地址:東莞市虎門鎮捷東南(nan)路9號
B棟(dong)401
具體參數
拖泵制作工藝
刀具選(xuan)擇
從該(gai)齒(chi)輪的結(jie)構(gou)和技(ji)術參數可知,該(gai)錐齒(chi)輪屬(shu)于標(biao)準結(jie)構(gou),一般情況下(xia),標(biao)準直(zhi)齒(chi)錐齒(chi)輪成形(xing)銑 刀的齒(chi)形(xing)是按(an)大端背錐當(dang)量(liang)漸開線齒(chi)形(xing)設計,而齒(chi)厚則(ze)按(an)照小端設計,并(bing)考慮留有(you)(you)一定精切余量(liang)。一 般情況下(xia)直(zhi)齒(chi)錐齒(chi)輪成形(xing)銑刀有(you)(you)3把(ba)(ba)、8把(ba)(ba)、15把(ba)(ba)、26把(ba)(ba)一套,刀號應按(an)照錐齒(chi)輪當(dang)量(liang)齒(chi)數來選擇(ze)。當(dang) 量(liang)齒(chi)數Zv可按(an)照下(xia)式計算(suan):
熱(re)處理(li)工藝方法及過(guo)程
如前文(wen)所述(shu),機加工前對(dui)齒(chi)坯進行整體高溫(wen)正火(huo)處理,正火(huo)設備為RT-90-9 箱式爐(lu)(lu)(lu),具體工藝過程是(shi),爐(lu)(lu)(lu)溫(wen)升至裝爐(lu)(lu)(lu)溫(wen)度400-650℃時,將(jiang)齒(chi)輪(lun)放 爐(lu)(lu)(lu)中,裝零件時如果需要疊(die)放,疊(die)放高度不(bu)要超過兩層,然后將(jiang)零件加熱至920-940℃,使組織完全發(fa)生(sheng)相變,保溫(wen)30-50分(fen)鐘后,空冷即可。正火(huo)工藝:
由(you)于(yu)該齒輪精(jing)度(du)(du)(du)(du)要求不(bu)是(shi)很高,為(wei)降低滲(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)淬(cui)(cui)火成本,可(ke)(ke)(ke)以采(cai)用(yong)(yong)滲(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)后(hou)直接(jie)淬(cui)(cui)火的(de)(de)工(gong)藝(yi)方(fang)法(fa),具 體方(fang)法(fa)是(shi)將零(ling)件(jian)裝(zhuang)入(ru)(ru)滲(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)筐中(zhong),不(bu)要疊加,爐(lu)溫(wen)(wen)升至(zhi)840℃開始(shi)滴航空煤油(you),煤油(you)滴速為(wei)60-80d/min, 爐(lu)溫(wen)(wen)升至(zhi)930℃時(shi)零(ling)件(jian)開始(shi)裝(zhuang)爐(lu)。排氣(qi)期結束后(hou),放入(ru)(ru)兩只試(shi)棒,其(qi)(qi)中(zhong)一只試(shi)棒在(zai)擴散時(shi)間(jian)為(wei)120 min時(shi)取出淬(cui)(cui)油(you)冷卻并檢(jian)驗淬(cui)(cui)硬層深(shen)度(du)(du)(du)(du),根據檢(jian)驗結果決定是(shi)否降溫(wen)(wen),若滲(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)層深(shen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)不(bu)足,擴散期延(yan)長至(zhi) 150min。滲(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)時(shi)可(ke)(ke)(ke)按照表1規定參(can)數(shu)進(jin)(jin)行,為(wei)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)滲(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)時(shi)的(de)(de)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)勢(shi)濃(nong)度(du)(du)(du)(du),可(ke)(ke)(ke)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)在(zai)滲(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)爐(lu)中(zhong)加裝(zhuang)氧(yang)(yang)傳感 器的(de)(de)方(fang)法(fa)進(jin)(jin)行監測和(he)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi),氧(yang)(yang)傳感器通(tong)過(guo)氧(yang)(yang)化(hua)(hua)鋯(gao)探頭,將氣(qi)氛(fen)狀態轉(zhuan)化(hua)(hua)為(wei)電勢(shi)差(cha),上述差(cha)值通(tong)過(guo)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi) 系統的(de)(de)比(bi)較(jiao)和(he)計(ji)算,確定碳(tan)(tan)(tan)勢(shi)的(de)(de)濃(nong)度(du)(du)(du)(du)是(shi)否合適并對(dui)其(qi)(qi)進(jin)(jin)行自動優(you)化(hua)(hua)和(he)調整,使碳(tan)(tan)(tan)勢(shi)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)精(jing)度(du)(du)(du)(du)可(ke)(ke)(ke)以達到 ≤±0.05%C,可(ke)(ke)(ke)有效控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)滲(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)層深(shen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)并提高滲(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)層的(de)(de)質(zhi)量,確保(bao)無塊狀、網(wang)狀滲(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)物,滲(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)設備采(cai) 用(yong)(yong)RQ3-75-9井式滲(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)爐(lu)。滲(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)均溫(wen)(wen)期結束后(hou),零(ling)件(jian)出爐(lu)直接(jie)淬(cui)(cui)火。淬(cui)(cui)火設備選用(yong)(yong)專用(yong)(yong)恒(heng)溫(wen)(wen)油(you)槽,淬(cui)(cui) 火介質(zhi)為(wei)專用(yong)(yong)等溫(wen)(wen)分級(ji)淬(cui)(cui)火油(you),介質(zhi)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)恒(heng)定在(zai)110-120℃之間(jian),冷卻30min后(hou),出爐(lu)空冷。
為消除淬火(huo)(huo)后(hou)零件的殘(can)余應力并防(fang)止淬火(huo)(huo)裂紋的產(chan)生,應盡(jin)快將淬火(huo)(huo)后(hou)的零件進行低(di)溫(wen)(wen)回火(huo)(huo)處(chu)理,具體工(gong)藝方(fang)法(fa)是在當爐(lu)溫(wen)(wen)升至(zhi)160℃左(zuo)右時(shi)零 件開始裝(zhuang)爐(lu),保溫(wen)(wen)120-150min后(hou),出爐(lu)空冷,回火(huo)(huo)設備為RJJ-36-6回火(huo)(huo)爐(lu)。淬火(huo)(huo)及回火(huo)(huo)工(gong)藝圖(tu)見圖(tu)5:
后(hou)序處理
將熱處(chu)(chu)理后的(de)零(ling)件(jian)放在(zai)噴(pen)砂(sha)(sha)機(ji)的(de)轉盤上進(jin)行噴(pen)砂(sha)(sha)處(chu)(chu)理,選用(yong)石英砂(sha)(sha)的(de)粒度為10-20目,在(zai)噴(pen)砂(sha)(sha)過 程中(zhong)要經常(chang)翻動零(ling)件(jian)使各面噴(pen)砂(sha)(sha)效果均勻(yun)。零(ling)件(jian)噴(pen)砂(sha)(sha)完(wan)后,放入防(fang)銹(xiu)液中(zhong)浸泡2-4min后,在(zai)空氣(qi)中(zhong)干 燥。需要注(zhu)意的(de)是,防(fang)銹(xiu)處(chu)(chu)理必須在(zai)噴(pen)砂(sha)(sha)后24小(xiao)時內完(wan)成。
效果
上(shang)述(shu)方法簡單實(shi)用,不需要(yao)專用裝(zhuang)備即可實(shi)現直齒(chi)錐齒(chi)輪的加(jia)工,且(qie)經(jing)濟性好,成本較低。經(jing)對 加(jia)工后的錐齒(chi)輪進(jin)行檢測,尺(chi)寸(cun)及形位(wei)精度(du)均符合(he)要(yao)求,滲(shen)碳層深度(du)為(wei)1.1-1.3mm,齒(chi)部(bu)金(jin)相組(zu)織為(wei) 單一(yi)的板條狀回火馬氏體組(zu)織,硬度(du)為(wei)HRC58-62。心部(bu)硬度(du)為(wei)HRC36-40,完全可以滿足該零件(jian)的質 量(liang)要(yao)求。