東莞(guan)市銳鑫(xin)機(ji)電有限(xian)公(gong)司
聯(lian)系人:劉(liu)君燕/13539086677
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地(di)址:東莞市虎門鎮捷東南路(lu)9號(hao)
B棟(dong)401
具體參數
拖泵制作工藝
刀具(ju)選擇(ze)
從該(gai)(gai)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)(lun)的結構和技術(shu)參數可知,該(gai)(gai)錐(zhui)(zhui)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)(lun)屬于標準結構,一般情況下(xia),標準直齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)錐(zhui)(zhui)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)(lun)成(cheng)形銑(xian) 刀(dao)(dao)的齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)形是(shi)按大端背(bei)錐(zhui)(zhui)當量(liang)(liang)漸(jian)開線齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)形設計,而齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)厚(hou)則(ze)按照(zhao)小端設計,并考慮留有(you)一定精切余量(liang)(liang)。一 般情況下(xia)直齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)錐(zhui)(zhui)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)(lun)成(cheng)形銑(xian)刀(dao)(dao)有(you)3把(ba)、8把(ba)、15把(ba)、26把(ba)一套,刀(dao)(dao)號應按照(zhao)錐(zhui)(zhui)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)(lun)當量(liang)(liang)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)數來選擇。當 量(liang)(liang)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)數Zv可按照(zhao)下(xia)式(shi)計算:
熱處理工藝方法及(ji)過程
如前(qian)文所述,機加工(gong)(gong)前(qian)對齒坯進行整體(ti)高溫(wen)(wen)正火處理,正火設(she)備為RT-90-9 箱(xiang)式(shi)爐(lu),具(ju)體(ti)工(gong)(gong)藝過程是,爐(lu)溫(wen)(wen)升至裝(zhuang)爐(lu)溫(wen)(wen)度400-650℃時,將(jiang)齒輪放(fang) 爐(lu)中,裝(zhuang)零(ling)件(jian)時如果(guo)需要(yao)疊(die)放(fang),疊(die)放(fang)高度不要(yao)超過兩(liang)層,然(ran)后將(jiang)零(ling)件(jian)加熱(re)至920-940℃,使組織完(wan)全發生相變,保溫(wen)(wen)30-50分鐘后,空冷即可。正火工(gong)(gong)藝:
由于(yu)該齒(chi)輪精(jing)度(du)要(yao)求不是(shi)(shi)很高,為降低(di)滲(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)淬(cui)火(huo)(huo)成本(ben),可(ke)以采(cai)用(yong)(yong)滲(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)后(hou)(hou)直(zhi)接淬(cui)火(huo)(huo)的(de)(de)(de)工藝方法,具 體方法是(shi)(shi)將(jiang)零(ling)件裝(zhuang)(zhuang)入(ru)滲(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)筐中,不要(yao)疊加(jia),爐(lu)(lu)溫升至(zhi)(zhi)840℃開(kai)始滴航空煤油,煤油滴速為60-80d/min, 爐(lu)(lu)溫升至(zhi)(zhi)930℃時(shi)(shi)零(ling)件開(kai)始裝(zhuang)(zhuang)爐(lu)(lu)。排氣(qi)期結(jie)束后(hou)(hou),放入(ru)兩只試棒,其中一只試棒在擴(kuo)散時(shi)(shi)間為120 min時(shi)(shi)取出淬(cui)油冷(leng)(leng)卻并檢(jian)驗(yan)淬(cui)硬層(ceng)深(shen)度(du),根據檢(jian)驗(yan)結(jie)果決定是(shi)(shi)否降溫,若(ruo)滲(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)層(ceng)深(shen)度(du)不足,擴(kuo)散期延長至(zhi)(zhi) 150min。滲(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)時(shi)(shi)可(ke)按照表1規定參(can)數進(jin)行,為控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)滲(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)時(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)勢濃度(du),可(ke)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)在滲(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)爐(lu)(lu)中加(jia)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)氧(yang)傳感(gan) 器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)方法進(jin)行監測和控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi),氧(yang)傳感(gan)器(qi)通(tong)過(guo)氧(yang)化(hua)鋯探頭,將(jiang)氣(qi)氛(fen)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)態轉化(hua)為電(dian)勢差(cha),上述差(cha)值(zhi)通(tong)過(guo)控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi) 系統的(de)(de)(de)比較和計算,確定碳(tan)(tan)(tan)勢的(de)(de)(de)濃度(du)是(shi)(shi)否合適并對其進(jin)行自動優(you)化(hua)和調整(zheng),使(shi)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)勢控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)精(jing)度(du)可(ke)以達到 ≤±0.05%C,可(ke)有效(xiao)控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)滲(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)層(ceng)深(shen)度(du)并提高滲(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)層(ceng)的(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)量,確保(bao)無塊狀(zhuang)(zhuang)、網狀(zhuang)(zhuang)滲(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)物,滲(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)設(she)備(bei)采(cai) 用(yong)(yong)RQ3-75-9井式滲(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)爐(lu)(lu)。滲(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)均溫期結(jie)束后(hou)(hou),零(ling)件出爐(lu)(lu)直(zhi)接淬(cui)火(huo)(huo)。淬(cui)火(huo)(huo)設(she)備(bei)選用(yong)(yong)專(zhuan)用(yong)(yong)恒溫油槽(cao),淬(cui) 火(huo)(huo)介質(zhi)為專(zhuan)用(yong)(yong)等(deng)溫分級淬(cui)火(huo)(huo)油,介質(zhi)溫度(du)恒定在110-120℃之間,冷(leng)(leng)卻30min后(hou)(hou),出爐(lu)(lu)空冷(leng)(leng)。
為(wei)消除淬(cui)火(huo)后零(ling)(ling)件(jian)的殘余(yu)應(ying)(ying)力并防止(zhi)淬(cui)火(huo)裂(lie)紋(wen)的產生,應(ying)(ying)盡(jin)快將淬(cui)火(huo)后的零(ling)(ling)件(jian)進行低溫回火(huo)處理,具體工藝(yi)方法是在當爐溫升至160℃左右時零(ling)(ling) 件(jian)開始(shi)裝爐,保溫120-150min后,出爐空冷,回火(huo)設備為(wei)RJJ-36-6回火(huo)爐。淬(cui)火(huo)及(ji)回火(huo)工藝(yi)圖見圖5:
后序處理
將熱處理(li)(li)后(hou)的(de)(de)零件(jian)放在噴(pen)(pen)砂(sha)機(ji)的(de)(de)轉盤上(shang)進(jin)行噴(pen)(pen)砂(sha)處理(li)(li),選用石英(ying)砂(sha)的(de)(de)粒度為10-20目,在噴(pen)(pen)砂(sha)過(guo) 程中要經常翻動(dong)零件(jian)使各面噴(pen)(pen)砂(sha)效果均(jun)勻。零件(jian)噴(pen)(pen)砂(sha)完后(hou),放入(ru)防銹液中浸泡2-4min后(hou),在空氣中干 燥。需要注意的(de)(de)是,防銹處理(li)(li)必(bi)須在噴(pen)(pen)砂(sha)后(hou)24小(xiao)時內完成(cheng)。
效果
上述方法(fa)簡單實用,不需(xu)要(yao)專用裝(zhuang)備即(ji)可實現(xian)直齒(chi)錐(zhui)齒(chi)輪的(de)加工,且經(jing)濟性(xing)好,成本(ben)較低。經(jing)對(dui) 加工后的(de)錐(zhui)齒(chi)輪進行檢測,尺寸及形位精度(du)均符合要(yao)求,滲碳層深(shen)度(du)為1.1-1.3mm,齒(chi)部金相組織(zhi)為 單一的(de)板條狀回火馬氏體(ti)組織(zhi),硬度(du)為HRC58-62。心部硬度(du)為HRC36-40,完全可以(yi)滿(man)足該零件的(de)質 量要(yao)求。