東莞市銳鑫機電有限公司
聯(lian)系人:劉(liu)君燕/13539086677
24小時服務熱(re)線(xian):13763247345
座機:400-1501660
網址:21yantai.cn
地址:東莞市虎門鎮捷東南路9號(hao)
B棟401
具體參數
拖(tuo)泵(beng)制作工藝
刀具選擇
從該齒(chi)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)的(de)結構(gou)(gou)和技(ji)術參數(shu)可知,該錐(zhui)齒(chi)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)屬于標準結構(gou)(gou),一(yi)般情況(kuang)下(xia),標準直齒(chi)錐(zhui)齒(chi)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)成形(xing)銑 刀(dao)(dao)的(de)齒(chi)形(xing)是按(an)(an)大(da)端(duan)背錐(zhui)當量漸開線齒(chi)形(xing)設計,而齒(chi)厚則按(an)(an)照小端(duan)設計,并(bing)考(kao)慮留(liu)有一(yi)定精(jing)切余量。一(yi) 般情況(kuang)下(xia)直齒(chi)錐(zhui)齒(chi)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)成形(xing)銑刀(dao)(dao)有3把(ba)、8把(ba)、15把(ba)、26把(ba)一(yi)套(tao),刀(dao)(dao)號應按(an)(an)照錐(zhui)齒(chi)輪(lun)(lun)(lun)當量齒(chi)數(shu)來選擇。當 量齒(chi)數(shu)Zv可按(an)(an)照下(xia)式(shi)計算:
熱處理工藝方法(fa)及過程
如(ru)前文所述,機加工前對齒坯進行整(zheng)體(ti)(ti)高(gao)溫(wen)正(zheng)火(huo)處理(li),正(zheng)火(huo)設備為(wei)RT-90-9 箱式爐,具體(ti)(ti)工藝(yi)(yi)過程是,爐溫(wen)升至(zhi)裝爐溫(wen)度400-650℃時,將齒輪(lun)放(fang) 爐中,裝零件時如(ru)果(guo)需要疊(die)放(fang),疊(die)放(fang)高(gao)度不要超(chao)過兩(liang)層,然后將零件加熱至(zhi)920-940℃,使(shi)組織完(wan)全發(fa)生相變,保溫(wen)30-50分鐘(zhong)后,空冷即可(ke)。正(zheng)火(huo)工藝(yi)(yi):
由于(yu)該齒輪精度(du)要(yao)求不是(shi)(shi)很高(gao),為(wei)降低滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)淬(cui)(cui)(cui)火成本,可以采用(yong)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)后(hou)(hou)(hou)直接(jie)(jie)淬(cui)(cui)(cui)火的(de)工藝方法(fa),具 體(ti)方法(fa)是(shi)(shi)將(jiang)零(ling)件(jian)裝(zhuang)入滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)筐中(zhong)(zhong),不要(yao)疊加,爐(lu)溫升至(zhi)840℃開始滴航空煤(mei)油(you),煤(mei)油(you)滴速(su)為(wei)60-80d/min, 爐(lu)溫升至(zhi)930℃時(shi)零(ling)件(jian)開始裝(zhuang)爐(lu)。排(pai)氣期(qi)結束后(hou)(hou)(hou),放入兩只(zhi)試棒,其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)一只(zhi)試棒在(zai)擴(kuo)散(san)時(shi)間為(wei)120 min時(shi)取出淬(cui)(cui)(cui)油(you)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)卻并(bing)(bing)檢驗(yan)淬(cui)(cui)(cui)硬層深(shen)度(du),根(gen)據檢驗(yan)結果決定(ding)(ding)是(shi)(shi)否降溫,若滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)層深(shen)度(du)不足,擴(kuo)散(san)期(qi)延長至(zhi) 150min。滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)時(shi)可按(an)照表1規定(ding)(ding)參(can)數進行(xing),為(wei)控(kong)(kong)制滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)時(shi)的(de)碳(tan)(tan)勢(shi)(shi)濃(nong)度(du),可采用(yong)在(zai)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)爐(lu)中(zhong)(zhong)加裝(zhuang)氧(yang)傳感(gan) 器的(de)方法(fa)進行(xing)監測和(he)控(kong)(kong)制,氧(yang)傳感(gan)器通過氧(yang)化(hua)鋯探頭,將(jiang)氣氛(fen)狀態轉化(hua)為(wei)電勢(shi)(shi)差,上述差值通過控(kong)(kong)制 系統的(de)比較和(he)計算,確(que)定(ding)(ding)碳(tan)(tan)勢(shi)(shi)的(de)濃(nong)度(du)是(shi)(shi)否合適(shi)并(bing)(bing)對其(qi)進行(xing)自動(dong)優化(hua)和(he)調(diao)整(zheng),使(shi)碳(tan)(tan)勢(shi)(shi)控(kong)(kong)制精度(du)可以達到(dao) ≤±0.05%C,可有(you)效控(kong)(kong)制滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)層深(shen)度(du)并(bing)(bing)提高(gao)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)層的(de)質量,確(que)保無塊狀、網狀滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)物,滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)設備采 用(yong)RQ3-75-9井式滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)爐(lu)。滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)均溫期(qi)結束后(hou)(hou)(hou),零(ling)件(jian)出爐(lu)直接(jie)(jie)淬(cui)(cui)(cui)火。淬(cui)(cui)(cui)火設備選(xuan)用(yong)專(zhuan)用(yong)恒(heng)溫油(you)槽,淬(cui)(cui)(cui) 火介(jie)質為(wei)專(zhuan)用(yong)等溫分級淬(cui)(cui)(cui)火油(you),介(jie)質溫度(du)恒(heng)定(ding)(ding)在(zai)110-120℃之間,冷(leng)(leng)(leng)卻30min后(hou)(hou)(hou),出爐(lu)空冷(leng)(leng)(leng)。
為(wei)消除(chu)淬(cui)火(huo)后零(ling)(ling)件的殘余應(ying)力并(bing)防止淬(cui)火(huo)裂紋(wen)的產生,應(ying)盡快(kuai)將(jiang)淬(cui)火(huo)后的零(ling)(ling)件進行低溫回火(huo)處理(li),具體工藝方(fang)法是在當爐(lu)溫升至160℃左右時零(ling)(ling) 件開始裝爐(lu),保溫120-150min后,出爐(lu)空(kong)冷(leng),回火(huo)設備為(wei)RJJ-36-6回火(huo)爐(lu)。淬(cui)火(huo)及回火(huo)工藝圖(tu)見圖(tu)5:
后序處理
將(jiang)熱處理后(hou)的零件(jian)(jian)放在(zai)噴(pen)(pen)(pen)砂機的轉盤(pan)上(shang)進行噴(pen)(pen)(pen)砂處理,選用石(shi)英砂的粒(li)度為10-20目(mu),在(zai)噴(pen)(pen)(pen)砂過(guo) 程中(zhong)要經(jing)常翻動零件(jian)(jian)使(shi)各面噴(pen)(pen)(pen)砂效果均勻(yun)。零件(jian)(jian)噴(pen)(pen)(pen)砂完(wan)后(hou),放入防(fang)(fang)銹(xiu)液中(zhong)浸泡2-4min后(hou),在(zai)空氣中(zhong)干 燥。需要注意的是,防(fang)(fang)銹(xiu)處理必須在(zai)噴(pen)(pen)(pen)砂后(hou)24小(xiao)時(shi)內完(wan)成。
效果
上述方法簡單實(shi)用(yong),不(bu)需要(yao)(yao)專用(yong)裝備即可(ke)實(shi)現直齒(chi)錐齒(chi)輪(lun)的加工,且經濟(ji)性(xing)好,成(cheng)本較(jiao)低。經對 加工后的錐齒(chi)輪(lun)進行檢測,尺寸及形(xing)位(wei)精度均符(fu)合要(yao)(yao)求,滲碳(tan)層深度為(wei)1.1-1.3mm,齒(chi)部金相組(zu)織(zhi)為(wei) 單一的板條狀回火馬氏體(ti)組(zu)織(zhi),硬度為(wei)HRC58-62。心部硬度為(wei)HRC36-40,完(wan)全可(ke)以滿足該零件的質 量要(yao)(yao)求。