東莞(guan)市銳鑫機(ji)電有限公(gong)司
聯系人:劉君燕/13539086677
24小時服務(wu)熱線:13763247345
座機:400-1501660
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網址:21yantai.cn
地址:東(dong)莞市虎門鎮捷東(dong)南路(lu)9號
B棟401
具體參數
拖泵制作工藝
刀(dao)具選(xuan)擇
從該齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)輪的(de)(de)結(jie)構和技術參數可知,該錐(zhui)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)輪屬于標(biao)準結(jie)構,一(yi)般情況下(xia),標(biao)準直齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)錐(zhui)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)輪成形銑(xian) 刀的(de)(de)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)形是按大端背(bei)錐(zhui)當量漸開(kai)線齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)形設計(ji),而齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)厚則按照小端設計(ji),并考慮留有一(yi)定(ding)精切余量。一(yi) 般情況下(xia)直齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)錐(zhui)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)輪成形銑(xian)刀有3把、8把、15把、26把一(yi)套,刀號應(ying)按照錐(zhui)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)輪當量齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)數來(lai)選擇(ze)。當 量齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)數Zv可按照下(xia)式計(ji)算:
熱處理工藝方(fang)法(fa)及過程
如(ru)前文所(suo)述(shu),機加(jia)工前對齒坯進(jin)行整體(ti)高溫正火處理,正火設備為RT-90-9 箱式爐,具體(ti)工藝(yi)過(guo)程(cheng)是(shi),爐溫升至(zhi)裝爐溫度(du)400-650℃時(shi),將齒輪放 爐中,裝零(ling)件(jian)時(shi)如(ru)果(guo)需要疊放,疊放高度(du)不要超(chao)過(guo)兩層,然后(hou)將零(ling)件(jian)加(jia)熱(re)至(zhi)920-940℃,使組(zu)織完全發(fa)生相(xiang)變,保溫30-50分鐘后(hou),空(kong)冷即可。正火工藝(yi):
由于該齒(chi)輪精度(du)(du)(du)要(yao)求(qiu)不(bu)(bu)是(shi)很高,為(wei)(wei)降(jiang)低滲(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)淬(cui)(cui)(cui)火成本(ben),可(ke)以(yi)(yi)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)滲(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)后(hou)直接淬(cui)(cui)(cui)火的(de)工(gong)藝方法(fa),具 體方法(fa)是(shi)將零(ling)(ling)件裝入(ru)滲(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)筐中,不(bu)(bu)要(yao)疊加(jia),爐溫(wen)升至840℃開始滴航空煤油(you),煤油(you)滴速為(wei)(wei)60-80d/min, 爐溫(wen)升至930℃時零(ling)(ling)件開始裝爐。排氣(qi)期結束(shu)后(hou),放入(ru)兩(liang)只試(shi)棒,其中一只試(shi)棒在(zai)(zai)擴(kuo)散時間(jian)為(wei)(wei)120 min時取出(chu)淬(cui)(cui)(cui)油(you)冷卻并(bing)檢驗淬(cui)(cui)(cui)硬(ying)層(ceng)(ceng)深度(du)(du)(du),根據(ju)檢驗結果決定(ding)(ding)(ding)是(shi)否(fou)降(jiang)溫(wen),若滲(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)層(ceng)(ceng)深度(du)(du)(du)不(bu)(bu)足(zu),擴(kuo)散期延長至 150min。滲(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)時可(ke)按照表1規定(ding)(ding)(ding)參數進(jin)行(xing)(xing),為(wei)(wei)控制滲(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)時的(de)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)勢(shi)濃(nong)度(du)(du)(du),可(ke)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)在(zai)(zai)滲(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)爐中加(jia)裝氧(yang)傳(chuan)感 器的(de)方法(fa)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)監(jian)測(ce)和(he)控制,氧(yang)傳(chuan)感器通過氧(yang)化鋯(gao)探(tan)頭,將氣(qi)氛狀(zhuang)態轉化為(wei)(wei)電勢(shi)差,上述差值通過控制 系統的(de)比較和(he)計算,確定(ding)(ding)(ding)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)勢(shi)的(de)濃(nong)度(du)(du)(du)是(shi)否(fou)合(he)適并(bing)對其進(jin)行(xing)(xing)自動優化和(he)調(diao)整,使碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)勢(shi)控制精度(du)(du)(du)可(ke)以(yi)(yi)達到(dao) ≤±0.05%C,可(ke)有效控制滲(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)層(ceng)(ceng)深度(du)(du)(du)并(bing)提高滲(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)層(ceng)(ceng)的(de)質(zhi)量,確保無塊狀(zhuang)、網(wang)狀(zhuang)滲(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)物,滲(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)設(she)備(bei)采(cai) 用(yong)(yong)(yong)RQ3-75-9井式滲(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)爐。滲(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)均溫(wen)期結束(shu)后(hou),零(ling)(ling)件出(chu)爐直接淬(cui)(cui)(cui)火。淬(cui)(cui)(cui)火設(she)備(bei)選用(yong)(yong)(yong)專用(yong)(yong)(yong)恒(heng)溫(wen)油(you)槽(cao),淬(cui)(cui)(cui) 火介(jie)質(zhi)為(wei)(wei)專用(yong)(yong)(yong)等溫(wen)分級淬(cui)(cui)(cui)火油(you),介(jie)質(zhi)溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)恒(heng)定(ding)(ding)(ding)在(zai)(zai)110-120℃之間(jian),冷卻30min后(hou),出(chu)爐空冷。
為(wei)消除淬(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)后(hou)(hou)零(ling)(ling)件(jian)的殘余應力并防止淬(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)裂紋的產生,應盡快(kuai)將淬(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)后(hou)(hou)的零(ling)(ling)件(jian)進行低溫回火(huo)處理,具體工藝方法是在當爐(lu)溫升至160℃左右時零(ling)(ling) 件(jian)開(kai)始裝爐(lu),保溫120-150min后(hou)(hou),出爐(lu)空冷,回火(huo)設備為(wei)RJJ-36-6回火(huo)爐(lu)。淬(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)及回火(huo)工藝圖(tu)見圖(tu)5:
后(hou)序處(chu)理
將熱處理(li)后的(de)零件(jian)放(fang)在噴砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)機的(de)轉盤上進行噴砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)處理(li),選用(yong)石(shi)英砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)的(de)粒度為10-20目,在噴砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)過(guo) 程中要經常翻動零件(jian)使各面噴砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)效果均勻。零件(jian)噴砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)完后,放(fang)入防銹液中浸泡2-4min后,在空氣中干 燥。需(xu)要注意的(de)是,防銹處理(li)必須在噴砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)后24小時(shi)內完成。
效果
上述方法簡單實用(yong),不需要專用(yong)裝備即可實現直齒錐齒輪(lun)的(de)(de)(de)加(jia)工(gong),且經濟(ji)性好,成本較低。經對 加(jia)工(gong)后的(de)(de)(de)錐齒輪(lun)進行(xing)檢測,尺寸及形位(wei)精度(du)均符合要求,滲(shen)碳層深度(du)為(wei)(wei)1.1-1.3mm,齒部金相(xiang)組(zu)織為(wei)(wei) 單一的(de)(de)(de)板條狀回火(huo)馬氏體組(zu)織,硬度(du)為(wei)(wei)HRC58-62。心部硬度(du)為(wei)(wei)HRC36-40,完全可以(yi)滿足該零件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)質 量要求。