東(dong)莞市銳鑫(xin)機電(dian)有限(xian)公司
聯(lian)系人:劉君燕/13539086677
24小時服務熱(re)線(xian):13763247345
座機:400-1501660
郵(you)箱:[email protected]
網址:21yantai.cn
地址:東(dong)莞市虎門鎮捷東(dong)南路9號
B棟401
具體參數
拖泵(beng)制作工藝(yi)
刀(dao)具選擇
從該(gai)齒(chi)(chi)輪(lun)的結(jie)構和技(ji)術參數可知,該(gai)錐(zhui)齒(chi)(chi)輪(lun)屬于(yu)標準(zhun)(zhun)結(jie)構,一(yi)般情況下,標準(zhun)(zhun)直(zhi)齒(chi)(chi)錐(zhui)齒(chi)(chi)輪(lun)成形(xing)(xing)銑(xian) 刀(dao)的齒(chi)(chi)形(xing)(xing)是按(an)大(da)端背錐(zhui)當量漸(jian)開線齒(chi)(chi)形(xing)(xing)設計(ji),而(er)齒(chi)(chi)厚則按(an)照(zhao)小端設計(ji),并考(kao)慮(lv)留(liu)有一(yi)定(ding)精切余量。一(yi) 般情況下直(zhi)齒(chi)(chi)錐(zhui)齒(chi)(chi)輪(lun)成形(xing)(xing)銑(xian)刀(dao)有3把(ba)、8把(ba)、15把(ba)、26把(ba)一(yi)套,刀(dao)號應按(an)照(zhao)錐(zhui)齒(chi)(chi)輪(lun)當量齒(chi)(chi)數來選擇(ze)。當 量齒(chi)(chi)數Zv可按(an)照(zhao)下式計(ji)算(suan):
熱處(chu)理(li)工(gong)藝(yi)方法(fa)及(ji)過程
如(ru)前(qian)文(wen)所述,機加工前(qian)對齒坯進(jin)行(xing)整(zheng)體(ti)高溫(wen)正火處(chu)理,正火設備為RT-90-9 箱式(shi)爐,具體(ti)工藝過(guo)程是(shi),爐溫(wen)升至裝爐溫(wen)度(du)400-650℃時,將(jiang)齒輪放 爐中,裝零(ling)件(jian)時如(ru)果需(xu)要(yao)疊放,疊放高度(du)不要(yao)超過(guo)兩(liang)層,然后將(jiang)零(ling)件(jian)加熱至920-940℃,使組織完全發生相變,保溫(wen)30-50分鐘(zhong)后,空(kong)冷即可。正火工藝:
由于該(gai)齒(chi)輪精度(du)(du)(du)(du)要求(qiu)不是(shi)很高(gao),為(wei)降低滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)淬(cui)(cui)火(huo)成(cheng)本,可以采(cai)用滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)后(hou)直接淬(cui)(cui)火(huo)的(de)工藝方法(fa)(fa),具(ju) 體方法(fa)(fa)是(shi)將零(ling)件(jian)裝入(ru)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)筐中,不要疊加(jia),爐(lu)(lu)溫(wen)(wen)升至840℃開始滴航空(kong)(kong)煤油,煤油滴速為(wei)60-80d/min, 爐(lu)(lu)溫(wen)(wen)升至930℃時(shi)零(ling)件(jian)開始裝爐(lu)(lu)。排氣(qi)期(qi)結(jie)束后(hou),放(fang)入(ru)兩只(zhi)試棒,其中一只(zhi)試棒在擴散時(shi)間為(wei)120 min時(shi)取出淬(cui)(cui)油冷(leng)卻并(bing)(bing)檢(jian)驗淬(cui)(cui)硬層(ceng)深(shen)(shen)度(du)(du)(du)(du),根(gen)據(ju)檢(jian)驗結(jie)果決定是(shi)否降溫(wen)(wen),若滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)層(ceng)深(shen)(shen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)不足,擴散期(qi)延長至 150min。滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)時(shi)可按照表(biao)1規定參數進(jin)(jin)行(xing),為(wei)控(kong)制滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)時(shi)的(de)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)勢(shi)濃(nong)度(du)(du)(du)(du),可采(cai)用在滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)爐(lu)(lu)中加(jia)裝氧傳(chuan)感 器的(de)方法(fa)(fa)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)監測和控(kong)制,氧傳(chuan)感器通過氧化(hua)鋯探頭,將氣(qi)氛狀態轉化(hua)為(wei)電勢(shi)差,上述(shu)差值通過控(kong)制 系統的(de)比較(jiao)和計算,確定碳(tan)(tan)(tan)勢(shi)的(de)濃(nong)度(du)(du)(du)(du)是(shi)否合適并(bing)(bing)對其進(jin)(jin)行(xing)自動優化(hua)和調整,使碳(tan)(tan)(tan)勢(shi)控(kong)制精度(du)(du)(du)(du)可以達到 ≤±0.05%C,可有效(xiao)控(kong)制滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)層(ceng)深(shen)(shen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)并(bing)(bing)提高(gao)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)層(ceng)的(de)質量,確保(bao)無塊狀、網(wang)狀滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)物,滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)設備采(cai) 用RQ3-75-9井式滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)爐(lu)(lu)。滲(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)均溫(wen)(wen)期(qi)結(jie)束后(hou),零(ling)件(jian)出爐(lu)(lu)直接淬(cui)(cui)火(huo)。淬(cui)(cui)火(huo)設備選用專(zhuan)用恒溫(wen)(wen)油槽(cao),淬(cui)(cui) 火(huo)介質為(wei)專(zhuan)用等(deng)溫(wen)(wen)分級淬(cui)(cui)火(huo)油,介質溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)恒定在110-120℃之間,冷(leng)卻30min后(hou),出爐(lu)(lu)空(kong)(kong)冷(leng)。
為(wei)消除淬火后(hou)零件(jian)的殘余應(ying)力并防止(zhi)淬火裂紋的產生,應(ying)盡快將淬火后(hou)的零件(jian)進(jin)行低溫回(hui)火處(chu)理,具(ju)體工藝方(fang)法是在當爐(lu)溫升至(zhi)160℃左右時零 件(jian)開始裝爐(lu),保(bao)溫120-150min后(hou),出爐(lu)空冷,回(hui)火設(she)備(bei)為(wei)RJJ-36-6回(hui)火爐(lu)。淬火及回(hui)火工藝圖見圖5:
后(hou)序處理(li)
將熱(re)處(chu)理(li)后的(de)零(ling)件放(fang)在噴砂機(ji)的(de)轉盤上進行噴砂處(chu)理(li),選用石(shi)英砂的(de)粒度為10-20目,在噴砂過 程中要經常翻動零(ling)件使(shi)各面噴砂效(xiao)果均勻。零(ling)件噴砂完后,放(fang)入防(fang)銹液(ye)中浸泡(pao)2-4min后,在空氣中干 燥。需要注意(yi)的(de)是,防(fang)銹處(chu)理(li)必須在噴砂后24小時內完成。
效果
上述(shu)方法簡單實用,不需要(yao)專用裝備(bei)即(ji)可(ke)實現直齒錐齒輪的加工,且(qie)經(jing)濟性好,成本較低。經(jing)對 加工后的錐齒輪進行(xing)檢測(ce),尺寸及形位(wei)精度均(jun)符合(he)要(yao)求(qiu),滲碳層深度為(wei)1.1-1.3mm,齒部金相(xiang)組織(zhi)為(wei) 單一的板條狀回火馬氏(shi)體組織(zhi),硬度為(wei)HRC58-62。心部硬度為(wei)HRC36-40,完(wan)全可(ke)以滿(man)足該零件的質 量要(yao)求(qiu)。