東莞(guan)市銳(rui)鑫機電有(you)限公司
聯(lian)系(xi)人:劉君燕(yan)/13539086677
24小時服(fu)務熱線:13763247345
座機:400-1501660
網址(zhi):21yantai.cn
地(di)址:東莞市虎門鎮捷東南路9號(hao)
B棟401
具體參數
拖泵制作(zuo)工(gong)藝
刀(dao)具(ju)選擇
從該(gai)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)的結構(gou)和(he)技術參數可知,該(gai)錐齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)屬于(yu)標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)結構(gou),一般情況下,標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)直(zhi)(zhi)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)錐齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)成形(xing)銑 刀(dao)的齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)形(xing)是按大端(duan)背錐當量漸開線齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)形(xing)設(she)計(ji),而齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)厚則按照(zhao)小端(duan)設(she)計(ji),并考慮留有一定精(jing)切余量。一 般情況下直(zhi)(zhi)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)錐齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)成形(xing)銑刀(dao)有3把、8把、15把、26把一套,刀(dao)號(hao)應按照(zhao)錐齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)當量齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)數來選(xuan)擇。當 量齒(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)數Zv可按照(zhao)下式計(ji)算:
熱處理工藝(yi)方法及過程
如前(qian)文所述,機加(jia)工(gong)(gong)前(qian)對(dui)齒坯進行(xing)整體(ti)高(gao)(gao)溫(wen)正火(huo)處理,正火(huo)設備(bei)為RT-90-9 箱式爐(lu),具體(ti)工(gong)(gong)藝過(guo)程是,爐(lu)溫(wen)升至裝(zhuang)爐(lu)溫(wen)度400-650℃時(shi)(shi),將(jiang)齒輪(lun)放(fang) 爐(lu)中,裝(zhuang)零件時(shi)(shi)如果需要疊(die)放(fang),疊(die)放(fang)高(gao)(gao)度不要超過(guo)兩層,然后將(jiang)零件加(jia)熱至920-940℃,使組織完全發(fa)生相(xiang)變(bian),保溫(wen)30-50分(fen)鐘后,空冷即可。正火(huo)工(gong)(gong)藝:
由(you)于該(gai)齒輪精(jing)度(du)(du)要求不是(shi)很高,為(wei)(wei)降低滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)淬火(huo)(huo)成本,可(ke)以采(cai)用(yong)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)后(hou)直接(jie)淬火(huo)(huo)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)藝方(fang)法,具 體方(fang)法是(shi)將零(ling)件裝(zhuang)入滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)筐(kuang)中,不要疊加(jia),爐(lu)溫升至840℃開(kai)始滴航空煤(mei)油,煤(mei)油滴速為(wei)(wei)60-80d/min, 爐(lu)溫升至930℃時(shi)零(ling)件開(kai)始裝(zhuang)爐(lu)。排氣期結(jie)束后(hou),放入兩只試(shi)棒,其中一只試(shi)棒在擴(kuo)散(san)時(shi)間(jian)為(wei)(wei)120 min時(shi)取出(chu)淬油冷卻(que)并檢驗淬硬層(ceng)深(shen)度(du)(du),根(gen)據檢驗結(jie)果決定(ding)是(shi)否降溫,若滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)層(ceng)深(shen)度(du)(du)不足(zu),擴(kuo)散(san)期延長至 150min。滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)時(shi)可(ke)按照表1規定(ding)參數進行(xing),為(wei)(wei)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)時(shi)的(de)(de)(de)碳(tan)勢濃度(du)(du),可(ke)采(cai)用(yong)在滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)爐(lu)中加(jia)裝(zhuang)氧傳感(gan) 器的(de)(de)(de)方(fang)法進行(xing)監測(ce)和(he)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi),氧傳感(gan)器通過氧化(hua)鋯(gao)探頭(tou),將氣氛狀(zhuang)態轉化(hua)為(wei)(wei)電勢差,上(shang)述差值(zhi)通過控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi) 系統的(de)(de)(de)比(bi)較和(he)計算,確定(ding)碳(tan)勢的(de)(de)(de)濃度(du)(du)是(shi)否合適(shi)并對其進行(xing)自動優(you)化(hua)和(he)調整,使碳(tan)勢控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)精(jing)度(du)(du)可(ke)以達到 ≤±0.05%C,可(ke)有效控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)層(ceng)深(shen)度(du)(du)并提高滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)層(ceng)的(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)量(liang),確保無(wu)塊狀(zhuang)、網狀(zhuang)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)物,滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)設備采(cai) 用(yong)RQ3-75-9井式滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)爐(lu)。滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)均溫期結(jie)束后(hou),零(ling)件出(chu)爐(lu)直接(jie)淬火(huo)(huo)。淬火(huo)(huo)設備選(xuan)用(yong)專用(yong)恒(heng)溫油槽,淬 火(huo)(huo)介(jie)質(zhi)為(wei)(wei)專用(yong)等溫分級(ji)淬火(huo)(huo)油,介(jie)質(zhi)溫度(du)(du)恒(heng)定(ding)在110-120℃之間(jian),冷卻(que)30min后(hou),出(chu)爐(lu)空冷。
為消除(chu)淬火后零(ling)件的殘余應(ying)力并(bing)防止淬火裂紋的產生,應(ying)盡快將淬火后的零(ling)件進行低(di)溫回(hui)火處理,具體工藝方法是(shi)在當爐溫升至160℃左右時零(ling) 件開始(shi)裝(zhuang)爐,保溫120-150min后,出爐空冷,回(hui)火設(she)備為RJJ-36-6回(hui)火爐。淬火及回(hui)火工藝圖見圖5:
后序處理
將熱(re)處(chu)理后(hou)的(de)零件(jian)放在噴砂(sha)(sha)(sha)機的(de)轉(zhuan)盤上進行噴砂(sha)(sha)(sha)處(chu)理,選用石(shi)英砂(sha)(sha)(sha)的(de)粒度(du)為10-20目,在噴砂(sha)(sha)(sha)過 程(cheng)中要經(jing)常(chang)翻動(dong)零件(jian)使各面噴砂(sha)(sha)(sha)效果(guo)均勻。零件(jian)噴砂(sha)(sha)(sha)完后(hou),放入防銹液中浸泡2-4min后(hou),在空氣中干 燥。需要注意(yi)的(de)是,防銹處(chu)理必須在噴砂(sha)(sha)(sha)后(hou)24小時內完成。
效果
上述方法簡單實用,不需要專用裝備即可實現直齒錐齒輪的(de)(de)加工(gong)(gong),且經濟性好,成(cheng)本(ben)較(jiao)低。經對(dui) 加工(gong)(gong)后的(de)(de)錐齒輪進行(xing)檢測,尺(chi)寸及形位精度均符合要求,滲碳層深(shen)度為(wei)1.1-1.3mm,齒部金相(xiang)組織為(wei) 單一的(de)(de)板條狀回火(huo)馬氏(shi)體(ti)組織,硬(ying)(ying)度為(wei)HRC58-62。心(xin)部硬(ying)(ying)度為(wei)HRC36-40,完(wan)全可以滿足該零件的(de)(de)質 量要求。