東莞市銳鑫(xin)機電(dian)有限公司(si)
聯系人:劉君燕(yan)/13539086677
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B棟401
具體參數
拖泵制(zhi)作工藝
刀具選擇(ze)
從(cong)該(gai)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)的結(jie)構和技術參數可知,該(gai)錐(zhui)(zhui)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)屬于(yu)標準結(jie)構,一(yi)般情(qing)況下(xia)(xia),標準直齒(chi)(chi)(chi)錐(zhui)(zhui)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)成形銑 刀(dao)(dao)的齒(chi)(chi)(chi)形是按(an)大端背錐(zhui)(zhui)當(dang)量漸開線齒(chi)(chi)(chi)形設計,而齒(chi)(chi)(chi)厚(hou)則按(an)照(zhao)小端設計,并(bing)考慮留(liu)有一(yi)定精切余量。一(yi) 般情(qing)況下(xia)(xia)直齒(chi)(chi)(chi)錐(zhui)(zhui)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)成形銑刀(dao)(dao)有3把、8把、15把、26把一(yi)套,刀(dao)(dao)號(hao)應按(an)照(zhao)錐(zhui)(zhui)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)輪(lun)當(dang)量齒(chi)(chi)(chi)數來選(xuan)擇。當(dang) 量齒(chi)(chi)(chi)數Zv可按(an)照(zhao)下(xia)(xia)式計算(suan):
熱(re)處(chu)理(li)工藝(yi)方法及過程
如前文所(suo)述,機加(jia)工前對齒(chi)坯(pi)進(jin)行整體(ti)高溫正火(huo)處理,正火(huo)設(she)備為RT-90-9 箱(xiang)式爐,具體(ti)工藝過程是,爐溫升至裝(zhuang)爐溫度400-650℃時(shi),將齒(chi)輪放(fang)(fang) 爐中(zhong),裝(zhuang)零件時(shi)如果需要疊(die)放(fang)(fang),疊(die)放(fang)(fang)高度不要超(chao)過兩層,然后(hou)將零件加(jia)熱至920-940℃,使組織完全發生相變(bian),保(bao)溫30-50分鐘(zhong)后(hou),空冷即(ji)可。正火(huo)工藝:
由(you)于該(gai)齒輪(lun)精度(du)要(yao)求(qiu)不是(shi)(shi)很高,為降低滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)淬(cui)火(huo)(huo)成本,可(ke)(ke)以(yi)采用滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)后(hou)直接淬(cui)火(huo)(huo)的(de)(de)工藝(yi)方法(fa),具 體(ti)方法(fa)是(shi)(shi)將零(ling)(ling)件裝(zhuang)入滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)筐中(zhong),不要(yao)疊加(jia),爐溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)升(sheng)至(zhi)840℃開始(shi)滴航(hang)空煤油(you)(you),煤油(you)(you)滴速為60-80d/min, 爐溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)升(sheng)至(zhi)930℃時零(ling)(ling)件開始(shi)裝(zhuang)爐。排氣期(qi)結束后(hou),放入兩只試棒,其中(zhong)一只試棒在擴(kuo)散時間為120 min時取出淬(cui)油(you)(you)冷(leng)卻并檢(jian)驗淬(cui)硬層(ceng)(ceng)深(shen)度(du),根(gen)據檢(jian)驗結果決定是(shi)(shi)否降溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen),若滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)層(ceng)(ceng)深(shen)度(du)不足,擴(kuo)散期(qi)延長至(zhi) 150min。滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)時可(ke)(ke)按照表1規定參數(shu)進(jin)行(xing),為控制(zhi)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)時的(de)(de)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)勢(shi)濃(nong)度(du),可(ke)(ke)采用在滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)爐中(zhong)加(jia)裝(zhuang)氧傳感(gan) 器的(de)(de)方法(fa)進(jin)行(xing)監測和控制(zhi),氧傳感(gan)器通過(guo)(guo)氧化鋯探頭,將氣氛(fen)狀態(tai)轉(zhuan)化為電勢(shi)差(cha),上述差(cha)值通過(guo)(guo)控制(zhi) 系(xi)統的(de)(de)比(bi)較(jiao)和計算,確定碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)勢(shi)的(de)(de)濃(nong)度(du)是(shi)(shi)否合(he)適(shi)并對(dui)其進(jin)行(xing)自動優化和調整(zheng),使碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)勢(shi)控制(zhi)精度(du)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)達到 ≤±0.05%C,可(ke)(ke)有效控制(zhi)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)層(ceng)(ceng)深(shen)度(du)并提高滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)層(ceng)(ceng)的(de)(de)質量,確保無塊(kuai)狀、網狀滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)物,滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)設(she)備采 用RQ3-75-9井式(shi)滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)爐。滲(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)(tan)均溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)期(qi)結束后(hou),零(ling)(ling)件出爐直接淬(cui)火(huo)(huo)。淬(cui)火(huo)(huo)設(she)備選用專用恒(heng)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)油(you)(you)槽,淬(cui) 火(huo)(huo)介(jie)質為專用等(deng)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)分級淬(cui)火(huo)(huo)油(you)(you),介(jie)質溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)恒(heng)定在110-120℃之間,冷(leng)卻30min后(hou),出爐空冷(leng)。
為(wei)消除淬(cui)(cui)火(huo)后零(ling)(ling)件的殘余應(ying)力并(bing)防止淬(cui)(cui)火(huo)裂紋的產生,應(ying)盡快將淬(cui)(cui)火(huo)后的零(ling)(ling)件進行低(di)溫回(hui)火(huo)處理,具體(ti)工(gong)藝(yi)方(fang)法是在(zai)當爐溫升至160℃左右(you)時(shi)零(ling)(ling) 件開始裝爐,保溫120-150min后,出(chu)爐空冷,回(hui)火(huo)設備(bei)為(wei)RJJ-36-6回(hui)火(huo)爐。淬(cui)(cui)火(huo)及回(hui)火(huo)工(gong)藝(yi)圖(tu)(tu)見(jian)圖(tu)(tu)5:
后序處(chu)理
將(jiang)熱處(chu)(chu)理后(hou)(hou)的(de)零(ling)(ling)件放在噴(pen)砂(sha)(sha)機的(de)轉盤(pan)上進行噴(pen)砂(sha)(sha)處(chu)(chu)理,選用石英砂(sha)(sha)的(de)粒度為(wei)10-20目,在噴(pen)砂(sha)(sha)過 程中要經常翻動零(ling)(ling)件使各面噴(pen)砂(sha)(sha)效果均勻。零(ling)(ling)件噴(pen)砂(sha)(sha)完后(hou)(hou),放入防銹(xiu)(xiu)液中浸泡(pao)2-4min后(hou)(hou),在空氣中干 燥。需要注意的(de)是,防銹(xiu)(xiu)處(chu)(chu)理必須在噴(pen)砂(sha)(sha)后(hou)(hou)24小時內完成。
效果
上述(shu)方法簡單(dan)實(shi)用(yong),不(bu)需(xu)要(yao)專用(yong)裝備即(ji)可實(shi)現直齒錐齒輪的(de)加(jia)工(gong),且經濟性好,成本較低。經對 加(jia)工(gong)后(hou)的(de)錐齒輪進行檢(jian)測,尺(chi)寸及形位精度(du)均符(fu)合要(yao)求,滲碳層深度(du)為1.1-1.3mm,齒部金(jin)相組織(zhi)為 單(dan)一的(de)板條狀回(hui)火馬氏(shi)體組織(zhi),硬度(du)為HRC58-62。心部硬度(du)為HRC36-40,完全可以(yi)滿足(zu)該零件的(de)質(zhi) 量要(yao)求。